Medical History Advancements (Key Terms)
The surgical removal of some of a patient's blood for therapeutic purposes
What is Bloodletting
During this time period:
1. Tribal witch doctors cared for illness and treated injury
2. Common medicines & procedures of this time period were trepanation and the use of herbs and plants.
What are the Primitive Times?
First person to successfully separate conjoined twins.
Who is Ben Carson?
Anton Van Leuwenhoek
What is the microscope?
What are sanitation systems?
This group of people helped with these advancements:
1. Priests commonly served as physicians
2. Leeches were used for blood letting
3. Embalming was also used
Who are the Ancient Egyptians?
The founder of modern nursing.
Who is Florence Nightengale?
During this time period infection was the leading cause of death.
What is the 16th Century?
A system of integrative medicine that involves pricking the skin or tissue with needles.
What is accupuntue?
This group of people helped with these advancements:
1. Acupuncture
2. Herbs
Who are the ancient Chinese?
Developed the first bifocals.
Who is Benjamin Franklin?
The invention of this machine was important because it meant that information could now be spread more easily and rapidly.
What is the printing press?
The procedure of perforating a person's skull
What is trepanation?
This group of people helped with these advancements:
1. First to study effects of disease on the human body
2. First to believe that illness had natural causes
Medical Treatments:
Massage therapy, herbal treatments, importance of cleanliness.
Who are the ancient Greeks?
Who is Anton Van Leeuwenhoek?
The development of this instrument allowed physicians to hear internal sounds of the body.
The most common form of plague in humans during the middle ages.
What is the bubonic plague?
This group of people helped with these advancements:
First to establish hospitals & Sanitation Systems
Who are the Ancient Romans?
Developed the first vaccine in 1796.
Who is Edward Jenner?
Discovered Antibiotics
Who is Sir Alexander Fleming?
Prevents and stops the spread of infections in healthcare.
During this time period:
The study and practice of medicine was prohibited
It was marked by the fall of the Roman Empire
Illness was only treated with prayer
What are the Dark Ages?
Known as the Father of Microbiology
Proved Microorganisms cause disease
Discovered pasteurization
Developed the first rabies vaccine
Who is Louis Pasteur?
Described the structure of DNA
Who are Crick and Watson?
The partial sterilization of a product to make it safe for consumption.
What is Pasteurization?
During this time period:
The use of alternative, complementary and integrative therapies are used
preventive health
need for affordable and accessible healthcare
telemedicine & gene therapy are used
Western medicine, complementary and alternative medicine are used
Discovered carbolic acid, first antiseptic during surgeries
Research led to sterilization techniques for surgical equipment
Who is Joseph Lister?
Discovered the Polio Vaccine
Who are Salk & Sabin?
An infectious bacterial disease characterized by the growth of nodules (tubercles) in the tissues, especially the lungs.
What is tuberculosis?
During this time period:
Advancements in the understanding of A&P were better understood due to dissection of the body
Printing press was developed
What was the Renaissance?
Discovered the first stethoscope.
Who is Rene Lennac?
Who is Henrietta Lacks?
Reducing the level or rate of increase in healthcare costs.
What is cost containment?
During this time period:
Infection was the leading cause of death
Microscope was invented
Apothecaries provided medications
What are the 16 - 18th Centuries?
Published the first anatomy book
Who is Andreas Vesalius?
Completed the first successful heart transplant
Who is Christiaan Barnard?
Statement of obligations and proper conduct for doctors
What is the Hippocratic Oath?
During this century, robotics, gamification in therapies, healthcare apps and biosensors began to be used.
What is the 21st Century?
First female to become a licensed physician in the US.
Paved the way for women to attend medical school.
Who is Elizabeth Blackwell?
Tended to soldiers on the Civil War battlefields
Founded the American Red Cross in 1881
Who is Clara Barton?
The concept of treating the whole person by focusing on physical, social, mental and spiritual wellness.
What is Holistic Care?
During this time period:
Physicians were required to pass an examination to become licensed.
Vinegar was used to treat wounds.
The bubonic plague killed 75% of the population.
What were the Middle Ages?
This person discovered one of the early microscopes in the 1590's?
Who is Zacharias Janssen?
Discovered the bacteria that caused tuberculosis
Who is Robert Koch?
To design or construct in small size.
What is miniaturization?
During this time period:
ABO blood groups were discovered
antibiotics were discovered
CDC established
Medicare & Medicaid established
What was the 20th Century?
Refined and developed surgical techniques such as the tracheostomy.
Who is John Hunter?
Discovered X-rays
Who is Wilhelm Rontgen?
Branch of technology that deals with the manipulation of atoms and molecules.
What is Nanotechnology?
What is the 19th Century?
Early female physician
Wrote a book about diseases and treatments
Who is Abbess Hildegard?
Discovered the conscious and unconscious mind
Who is Sigmund Freud?