Anatomy and Physiology
The name of the structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain is called
Corpus Callosum
What is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide?
hepatitis B and C
What is the medical term for a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood?
Anemia
In what unit is body mass index (BMI) measured, and what BMI range is considered "normal" or healthy?
A normal BMI typically falls within the range of 18.5 to 24.9.
In 1796, who developed the first successful smallpox vaccine, a major breakthrough in the history of healthcare?
Edward Jenner
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating hunger, thirst, and body temperature
the hypothalamus
What is the primary cause of acute bacterial meningitis in adults?
Streptococcus pneumoniae?
What is the medical term for the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissues?
Edema
Which vitamin is commonly known as the "sunshine vitamin" and is essential for the absorption of calcium in the body?
Vitamin D
What is the name of the UN agency responsible for coordinating international health efforts
the WHO
What is the name of the smallest and uppermost section of the human sternum?
the manubrium
What is the main underlying pathophysiological mechanism in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis?
chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract
What is the term for a sudden, severe, and often fatal heart arrhythmia?
ventricular fibrillation
What is the term for the cessation of breathing during sleep, often characterized by loud snoring and repeated awakenings?
Sleep Apnea
Who is remembered for her discovery of radium and polonium, and her huge contribution to finding treatments for cancer?
Marie Curie
Which cranial nerve is responsible for both the sense of smell and the sense of taste?
the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve)
What is the specific immune cell that is primarily affected in HIV/AIDS?
CD4+ T cells (Helper T cells)
What is the medical term for the surgical removal of the gallbladder?
cholecystectomy
This macronutrient is essential for energy production and is stored in the body as glycogen?
Who was recognized for discovering penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
What is the function of the foramen magnum in the human skull?
allowing the spinal cord to pass through and connect to the brain.
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is responsible for allergic asthma?
What is Type I hypersensitivity reaction
What is the term for the surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the body surface?
Colostomy
High blood pressure is a common health concern. Define systolic and diastolic blood pressure and provide the normal range for each.
Systolic pressure is the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats, and diastolic pressure is the pressure when the heart is at rest. Normal ranges are typically around 90-120 mm Hg for systolic and 60-80 mm Hg for diastolic
In the 19th century, what discovery by Ignaz Semmelweis significantly reduced maternal mortality rates in hospitals?
Handwashing