Thoracic Anatomy and Imaging
What are the three parallel lines used to assess a lateral thoracic spine X-ray?
Anterior vertebral body line, posterior vertebral body line, spinolaminar line.
The gallbladder typically causes referred pain to where?
The right shoulder
When attempting to rule out cancer you are asking what kind of questions?
Screening questions
Which syndrome compresses the ulnar nerve at the elbow?
Cubital tunnel syndrome
The C5 dermatome correlates to where on the body?
The lateral arm and shoulder
What condition involves air in the pleural cavity causing lung collapse?
Pneumothorax.
Pain in the shoulder due to gallbladder disease is an example of what?
Referred pain
Which acronym is used to remember early warning signs of cancer?
CAUTIONS.
What tendon condition is referred to as "golfer’s elbow"?
Medial epicondylitis.
What condition is caused by compression or irritation of a cervical nerve root?
Cervical radiculopathy.
What term refers to the cartilage-covered area where ribs articulate with thoracic vertebrae?
Costovertebral joint.
What symptom is commonly associated with cardiac referred pain in the upper extremity?
Radiating pain in the neck, shoulder, and arm
What is the significance of an elevated ESR in a cancer screening context?
It may indicate inflammation or malignancy.
What inflammation condition affects the first dorsal compartment tendons of the wrist?
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis.
What term describes pain originating from cervical facet joints?
Facet joint syndrome.
Which imaging modality is most useful for detecting thoracic fractures not visible on X-rays?
MRI.
What tool is most effective for identifying visceral pain origins when musculoskeletal causes are ruled out?
Diagnostic imaging
What condition describes distant symptoms caused by tumor-secreted substances?
Paraneoplastic syndrome.
Which carpal bone is most commonly fractured?
Scaphoid.
What does the term "myelopathy" refer to in the cervical spine?
Compression or dysfunction of the spinal cord.
What condition causes a "winking owl sign" due to pedicle destruction seen on an AP thoracic X-ray?
Metastatic disease.
Which embryological phenomenon explains poorly localized visceral pain?
Multisegmental innervation.
Name the five most common sites of cancer metastasis.
Bone, liver, lungs, brain, lymph nodes.
What is the name of the test most commonly used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome?
Phalen’s test.
Name the condition characterized by paresthesia in a glove-like distribution due to thoracic dysfunction.
T4 syndrome.