Head, Face, Neck
Name the types of headaches
Sinus, Tension, Migraine, Cluster, Cervicogenic
Early warning signs of cancer
Changes in bowel or bladder habits
A sore that does not heal in 6 weeks
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
Obvious change in a wart or mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
Supplemental signs and symptoms (rapid unintentional weight loss, change in vital signs, frequent infections, night pain, pathologic fracture, proximal muscle weakness, change in deep tendon reflexes)
What did Dr. Holmes’ father have
Pericarditis
Common erythrocyte disorders
Anemia, polycythemia, sickle cell anemia
What is CT best at imaging
Fractures, degenerative changes , loose bodies
5 Ds (A)nd 3 Ns
Diplopia, dizziness, drop attacks, dysarthria, dysphagia
Ataxia
Nausea, numbness, nystagmus
What do you document your findings on?
Asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, elevation/evolution
Guidelines for immediate medical attention
Sudden onset of acute chest pain with sudden dyspnea
Sudden change in the client’s typical anginal pain pattern (suggests unstable angina)
Female with chest, breast, axillary, or shoulder pain of unknown origin at presentation must be questioned regarding breast self-examinations
What did Dr. Holmes’ dad have
Thrombocytopenia
What is the gold standard for soft tissue imaging
MRI
Name conditions that may lead to a headache
Post traumatic, benign exertional, tbi, concussion, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cva, TIA,
Aerobic exercise contraindications
Platelet count <50,000/mm3
Hemoglobin <10 g/dl
White blood cells <3000/mm3
Absolute granulocytes <2500/mm3
Describe Tietze’s syndrome
Onset before 40, gradual onset of upper anterior chest pain, pain / tenderness of costochondral joints, pain aggravated by sneezing, coughing, deep inspirations, twisting of the trunk, horizontal shoulder abd/add, swelling
Inflammatory demyelinating lesions of the CNS (brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve)
Multiple Sclerosis
What view is best for examining a hangman’s fracture
Lateral view
What do you need to test before any cervical or vestibular treatments
VBI / cervical arterial dysfunction
Red flags
Unrelenting pain
Pain awakening at night
Hx of cancer
Suspicious lump, lesion, mass
Clinical presentation of breast cancer
BREAST acronym (Breast mass, Retraction, Edema, Axillary mass, Scaly nipple, Tender Brest)
Soft tissue signs on X-ray
Positive fat pad sign and abnormal supinator line
Name the C-Spine fractures
Jeffersons
Odontoid
Hangman’s
Clay-shovelers
Screening key points
• Age > 50
• Previous Hx of Ca
• Chest/breast/shoulder pain of unknown etiology
• Recent unintentional/unexplained weight loss
• Constant pain, unremitting
• Constitutional signs
• Progressive neurologic changes
Name the 3 Ps you assess for Pleuropulmonary
Pleural pain, palpation, position
• pleuritic pain exacerbated by respiratory movements
• Pain on palpation associated with musculoskeletal condition
• Pain with changes in neck, trunk, or shoulder position, indicating musculoskeletal origin
When would you use oblique imaging view of the hand
When phalanges are primary area of interest