Medical-Surgical Nursing

Cardiac

100

What is the normal range for an adult's resting heart rate?

60 - 100 bpm

200

What adventitious lung sound is most likely in a patient experiencing left-sided heart failure?

Crackles

300

What does the acronym MONA stand for in acute coronary sydrome?

Morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerine, aspirin

400

Name three risks for coronary artery disease

Genetics, hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes, HTN, obesity, high fat diet, lack of exercise, stress, etc.

500

What is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?

Left-sided heart failure.

Respiratory

100

What is the normal range for adult respiratory rate?

12–20 breaths per minute.

200

Which lung sound is commonly heard in patients experiencing an acute asthma attack? And is it heard more commonly on inhalation or exhalation?

Expiratory wheezing.

300

A post-op patient is reluctant to use the incentive spirometer. What complication is the nurse trying to prevent by encouraging its use?

Atelectasis.

400

A stroke patient presents with dysphagia. What respiratory condition is the patient at risk for as a direct result of this condition?

Aspiration pneumonia. 

500

Your COPD patient presents with pursed lip breathing, a barrel chest, an intermittent dry cough, and tachypnea. Which type of COPD is this patient most likely experiencing?

Emphysema

Perioperative Nursing

100

A ________ should be completed prior to all surgeries with all members of the surgical staff present.

A "time-out".

200

What are the priority assessments in the PACU when the patient first comes back? (Think BLS acronym)

ABCs: Airway, breathing, circulation

300

Name two potential post-surgical complications of any surgery

Blood clot, atelectasis, hypoxia, infection, bleeding, uncontrolled pain, constipation, urinary retention

400

Name one medication class that should be held before a surgical procedure unless otherwise stated by the physician.

Antihypertensives, oral diabetic meds, insulins (long or short acting), blood thinners, NSAIDs,  herbal supplements

500

Name two of the nurse's roles in obtaining informed consent for a surgical procedure.

Witness, ensure the patient understands, and advocate for further education, ensure no coercion

GI

100

Name one potential cause of peptic ulcer disease

H. pylori, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, stress

200

Proton pump inhibitors are used to treat this common GI condition:

Gastroespophageal reflux disease (GERD)

300

After a bowel resection, the nurse notes absent bowel sounds and no flatus. What is the most likely condition?

Paralytic ileus

400

Your patient in the ED is showing rebound pain at McBurney's point. What condition should you consider?

Appendicitis, peritonitis

500

A patient with these two elevated labs should be worked up for pancreatitis:

Amylase and lipase

Renal

100

A patient with these two elevated labs should be worked up for renal injury/disease:

BUN and creatinine

200

The most common cause of chronic kidney disease is:

Diabetes mellitus

300

A patient with chronic kidney disease will most likely be prescribed dialysis ____ days of the week. 

Three. 

400

This is the first line procedure for acute urinary retention following surgery:

Straight/intermittent catheter

500

What is the most life-threatening result of skipping a dialysis session?

Hyperkalemia (high potassium)