Medications
This is one of the most important requirements a patient must meet before receiving oral glucose.
An intact gag reflex/ability to swallow and protect their airway.
Where do we inject an auto-injector?
Muscle of mid-outer thigh.
What is a duodote autoinjector?
A DuoDote auto-injector is used in chemical exposure emergencies, specifically for nerve agent or organophosphate poisoning.
Combines two medications in one device: Atropine and Pralidoxime (2-PAM).
Duodote is usually reserved for medical personnel.
What are signs of a potentially blocked airway and how do we treat the problem?
Snoring: Do a head tilt, chin lift to move the tongue away from blocking the airway.
A suction device is used to remove fluid blocking the airway. But suction should only be applied after inserting the tip to avoid suctioning the tongue.
What are some signs that you could see that might indicate a patient might need assisted breathing?
Skin signs: Cyanosis: bluish color of lips, nail beds, or face. Pale, clammy, or mottled skin due to poor oxygenation
Breathing very shallow, very fast, or very slow.
Labored breathing: use of accessory muscles (neck, chest), nasal flaring, or abdominal breathing.
A MAD device is used for what medical purpose?
What is the proper name?
This device is used to deliver medication intranasally.
Name: mucosal atomization device
How much is advisable to put in each nostril when administering Narcan?
The preference is no more than 1cc in each nostril.
Name the liter flow for the following devices.
nasal cannula
Non-rebreather
Bag Valve Mask (BVM)
nasal cannula: 2 to 6 liters per minute.
Non- rebreather: 10 to 15 liters per minute.
Bag Valve Mask (BVM): 15 liters per minute to wide open.
What is one of the best ways to ensure an adequate seal when using a BVM?
Use a partner to hold the mask with both hands in a C-3 or E-C position,(same technique) providing a better mask seal during ventilations.”
How often should vital signs be checked?
Every 15 minutes for stable patients.
Every 5 minutes for unstable patients.
What are two medications commonly used to treat asthma and how are they delivered?
Whatever is in that thing that Debbie is carrying.
Medications: Albuterol Atrovent
Delivery Devices: EMR: MDI Metered Dose Inhaler. Will learn nebulizer in EMT
What are the contraindications of administering nitro-glycerin?
The systolic blood pressure must be over 100.
Have taken ED (eryctile dysfunction drugs) within the last 24 to 48 hours.
How do you measure an OPA and an NPA.
OPA: corner of the mouth to the tip of the earlobe.
NPA: outside of the nose to the tip of the earlobe.
Describe the jaw thrust maneuver to open a trauma patient's airway.
Position yourself at the patient’s head. Place your hands on both sides of the patient’s head in a neutral position, with your thumbs near the corners of the mouth or resting on the cheeks. Then place your index and middle fingers just behind the angle of the mandible (lower jaw). Gently but firmly lift the jaw upward and forward.
Extra: This lifts the tongue away from the back of the throat while keeping the head and neck in a neutral position — ideal for suspected spinal trauma.
If alveoli are filled with fluid, what is a major concern?
Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide may not be able to occur.
What is our treatment goal when delivering NARCAN and how much should be used?
To restore adequate respirations, using just enough Narcan to improve breathing.
How many aspirin do you give to a patient to treat a cardiac event?
1 adult aspirin: 325 mg
4 baby aspirin: 81 mg each 324 mg total
Both should be chewed and taken without water, if possible.
How often do you do a rescue breath for an adult? infant?
Adult: 1 breath every 6 seconds.
Infant: 1 breath every 2-3 seconds.
What is the technique to check to see the LOC for a patient?
A=ALERT V=VERBAL P=PAINFUL U=UNRESPONSIVE
You should assess AVPU repeatedly to see if the patient’s level of consciousness changes throughout the exam.”
If you are on scene and you find out that your medication is missing or expired, what do you do?
Ask an additional unit to provide the correct medication.
What are potential side effects of EPI?
Tachycardia and heart palpitations are common side effects of epinephrine.
Where should any product be placed after use that contains a needle.
In a sharps container.
What is the process for clearing an obstructed airway for an adult?
Lean the patient over and provide 5 back slaps.
Stand patient up and provide 5 abdominal thrusts. (rescuer puts foot in between patients feet)
Repeat until object comes out or the patient becomes unresponsive.
How do you perform a head tilt chin lift?
Place your hand on the forehead.
Lift the chin. Use the fingertips of your other hand to lift the bony part of the chin (jawline) upward.
What is the CNS (central nervous system)?
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the parts of the nervous system that are encased in bone.
Example: Brain and spinal column