Pharmacokinetics and routes of administration CH.1
elimination of medications from the body, primarily through the kidneys
What is excretion?
100- These medications require monitoring by a provider, but do not generally pose risk of misuse and addiction. Antibiotics are a typical example of this category of meds.
What is uncontrolled substances
the process of determining the quantity of medication to be administered to a patient based on factors like patient weight and the prescribed dose
What is dosage calculation?
When administering medications that can cause serious adverse reactions the nurse uses this piece of equipment.
What is infusion pump?
effects that are a result of muscarinic receptor blockade that is mostly seen in eyes, smooth muscle, exocrine glands, and the heart
What is anticholinergic effects?
inactivation of medications during their initial transport through the liver
What is the First-pass effect?
The nurse compiles a list of each clien’ts current medication and compare with a list of new medications to resolve any discrepancies
What is medication reconciliation
to convert miligrams (mg) to microgram (mcg), you must multiply by this number
What is 1,000?
If the client does not havve IV fluids inusing or has fluids that are not compatible with the medication the nurse should do the following before administrating a medication.
What is flush the IV access
The following medications can cause the patient to have GI tract irritation, peristalsis, and can cause nausea and sedation
What is NSAIDS and opioid analgesics?
What is the primary organ responsible for metabolizing drugs in the body, often referred to as the “drug metabolizing factory?
What is the liver?
New drugs in development undergo rigorous testing procedures under this U.S. agency.
What is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
When calculating drug dosafes for liquid medications, you need to know the concentration, which is usually expressed as the amount of drug per volume. What is the common unit used for this concentration?
What is miligrams per milliliter (mg/ml)?
for older adult clients who are taking anticoagulants and have fragile veins the nurse avoids this piece of equipment and uses a blood pressure cuff instead to visualize veins.
What is tourniquet?
Liver damage can occur with an acetaminophen overdose and there is a greater risk with chronic alcohol use. The following antidote can be given to minimize this damage
What is acetylcysteine?
what term describes the process by which a drug molecule binds to proteins in the bloodstream, reducing its availability for distribution to target tissues
What is protein binding?
The process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body
What is pharmacokinetics?
when calculating an IV drip rate, you need to know the total volume to be administered and the time in hours. What is the formula for calculating the drip rate per a minute?
What is (volume to be infused in ml /time in hours)(drop factor gtts/ml)
The nurse should never administer IV medication through tubing that is infusing products
What is blood products or parenteral nutrition solutions
manaifestations of this life-threatening immediate systemic reaction include generalized itching and hives that progress to erythema and angioedema of the head and neck.
What is anaphylaxis?
This phase of drug metabolism involves the chemical modification of a drug molecule, often making it more water-soluble for excretion
What is phase II metabolism?
These documents are used to record every instance of medication administration, ensuring a complete and accurate patient medication history
What is medication administration records (MARs) or medication charts
To convert ounces (oz) to milliliters (ml), you can use this conversion factor
What is approximately 29.6ml per ounce?
The nurse has a patient who is complaing of buring pain, redness, and swelling. The client is currently experiencing this IV site complication
What is extravasation or infiltration of a vessicant/ tissue-damaging medication
these symptoms are marked by abnormal body movements that cna include involuntary fine-motor tremors, rigidity, uncontrollable restlessness and acute dystonias
What is extrapyramidal symptoms?