Restrictive Disease
3 groups of restrictive airway disease
Intrinsic lung disease
Extrinsic lung disease
Neuromuscular disorder
CXR findings: bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
Sarcoidosis
Findings shows macules and small UPPER LOBE nodules with hyperinflation of lower lobes
Coal worker pneumoconiosis
Type of pneumonia acquired outside or 48 hours after hospital admission
CAP
Most common cause of pneumonia in patient with COPD exacerbation, cystic fibrosis & bronchiectasis
Haemophilus influenzae
Obstructive disease is a flow problem while restrictive lung disease is a?
volume problem
Tissue biopsy findings in Sarcoidosis
multinucleated giant cells, T-cells and macrophages
CXR findings of fine nodularity in the UPPER lobes of the lung with eggshell calcification of hilar and mediastinal nodes
Silicosis
Most common cause of (Bacterial)community acquired pneumonia
Adult: Strep. pneumoniae
Pedia: Haemophilus influenzae
Most common cause of pneumonia in alcoholics and malnourished
Klebsiella pneumoniae
decrease compliance is a hallmark of
Chronic Interstitial Lung Disease
Treatment of choice of Sarcoidosis
Oral corticosteroids: Prednisone 20-40mg/d x 4-6weeks, taper dose
Associated with Bronchogenic CA or mesothelioma
Asbestosis
Most common cause of Atypical "walking" pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Most common cause of pneumonia in contaminated air systems/water supply
Legionella sp.
Pulmonary function test of Restrictive disease
normal/decreased FEV1
normal/decreased FVC
normal/increased FEV1/FVC
decreased DLCO2
Source of Silicosis
Sand blasting, mining, ceramic and stone cutting
CXR Findings: primarily in LOWER lobes, pleural plaque thickening, interstitial fibrosis "honeycombing"
Asbestosis
Most common cause of Chronic Pneumonia
Nocardia
Actinomyces
Most common cause of HAP/VAP
Gram(-) rods enterobacteriaceae
Pseudomonas
Staph aureus (MSSA/MRSA)
Anaerobic organisms
Pulmonary disease characterized by non-caseating granuloma
sarcoidosis
Most prevalent chronic occupational disease worldwide
Silicosis
Treatment of Asbestosis
Stop smoking
Steroids
Supplemental O2
+/- Lung transplant
Most common cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised host
Cytomegalovirus