Important people
This pope crowned Charlemagne the "Holy Roman Emperor."
Pope Leo III
peasants who were legally tied to the lord's land and could not leave without permission were called
serfs
The water surrounding a castle is called
a moat
Pope Urban II called for the first crusade to take back what from Muslim control
Jerusalem
The Black Death was brought to Europe by trading ships carrying infected what that carried fleas?
rats
This woman led the French army to a pivotal victory at the Siege of Orléans at age 19
Joan of Arc
At around age seven, a noble boy beginning his training for knighthood left home to serve a lord as this first-stage apprentice.
a page
The first castles were made out of what material?
wood
What percentage of their earnings were people expected to pay to the church?
10%
Name one reason the Black Plague spread so easily throughout Europe
close quarters, no sanitation rules, symptoms didn't show for a while, infected animals, primitive medical techniques
Charlemagne promoted two main things in Europe. Name one.
protection
The iron gate in front of the drawbridge to keep enemies out was called what?
portcullis
A religious journey to a sacred holy site to show devotion or ask for forgiveness is called a what?
How did the massive loss of population lead to the end of feudalism in Europe?
Killed 1/3 of the population and didn't leave enough people to work
What is one thing plague doctors did to try to help those who were infected with the plague?
bloodletting, leeches, forced vomitting,
Medieval manors were self-sufficient. Explain what that means.
being able to maintain, provide for, or take care of oneself without relying on outside help, external aid, or foreign support
The tallest, strongest central tower of a castle where the noble family lived and where defenders made their final stand.
The Keep
The practice of withholding holy sacraments and cutting off a person’s membership in the Church, used by popes to discipline kings and nobles.
Excommunicate
This practice of isolating to prevent the spread of disease during the plague was called what
quarantine