Fall of Rome
What was the capital of the Roman Empire?
Rome
What was Europe like after the Roman Empire collapsed?
dangerous and difficult
What were the crusades?
wars to take back the Holy Land from Muslims
The Byzantine Empire came out of what empire?
Roman
A person belonging to a tribe or group that is considered uncivilized.
barbarian
Why were Rome's frontiers weakened?
The empire was too large to defend
What was the economic and political system that exchanges land for protection and loyalty?
feudalism
What two new weapons were used in the Hundred Years' War?
longbow and gunpowder (for cannons)
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
Constantinople
People who perform sacred functions of the church, such as priests or pastors.
clergy
What political instability led to Rome's collapse?
Rome never solved the problem of how to transfer power peacefully from one ruler to the next.
What two groups of people owned the MOST land in Medieval Europe? (Hint: it wasn't nobles/lords)
Kings (monarchs) and the Church
What seventeen year-old French girl heard voices telling her to lead her country to victory over the English?
Joan of Arc
What was the name of the church in the Byzantine Empire?
Eastern Orthodox Church
An object considered holy because a saint touched or owned it.
relic
What economic/social problems led to Rome's collapse?
What was high taxes and unemployment
What was the code of behavior knights had to follow?
chivalry
How did the Bubonic Plague lead to the decline of feudalism?
The deaths of so many people led to changes in the social structure (peasants demanded more money; serfs were free to leave)
What made Constantinople so easy to defend?
It was surrounded by water on three sides.
A type of religious image that is considered sacred.
Icon
Roman accomplishments: What was Rome's beliefs about justice?
They believed everyone had rights, and courts tried to make fair decisions.
Under feudalism, how were the needs of lords and peasants met?
Peasants received protection and a place to live, and lords received labor.
How did the Hundred Years' War weaken feudalism?
New military technology made nobles' knights and castles less useful.
Who had supreme authority in the Eastern Orthodox Church?
The emperor
What is the difference between a monastery and a convent?
Monks live in monasteries and nuns live in convents.
Roman accomplishments: What was Rome's policy about citizenship?
Citizenship was open to all free people in the empire, but they had to follow the laws and be loyal to Rome.
Explain how feudalism met the needs of lords and kings? What did each get from the other?
How did the Magna Carta lead to the decline of feudalism?
It established the idea of rights and liberties that even the king could not violate, and that kings should rule with the advice of the people.
Name two differences between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Roman Cath Eastern Orth
Latin Greek
priests couldn't marry priests could marry
used icons didn't use icons
What is the difference between and monk and a friar?
A monk lives in a monastery and a friar travels.