Eastern Europe & the Crusades
The primary goal of the Crusades, as stated by Pope Urban II in his call for the First Crusade in 1095
Recapture the Holy Land (Jerusalem)
The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, was an important document that limited the power of this figure in medieval England
The King
The primary agricultural and economic system in medieval Europe, where people worked the land in exchange for protection and a share of the crops
Feudalism
These three things are associated with Knights
Chivalry, Noble Birth, Tournaments
The Hundred Years' War was primarily fought between these two medieval European kingdoms
France & England
The capital city of the Byzantine Empire, known for its strategic location and architectural wonders such as the Hagia Sophia
Constantinople
The first Holy Roman Emperor, crowned in 800 AD
Charlemagne
This was the primary purpose of medieval castles during the Middle Ages
Defense
This group was responsible for the preservation and copying of classical works during the medieval period
Monks
The estimated death toll of the Bubonic Plague
25%-50%
This medieval English king is known for his involvement in the Third Crusade and signing the Treaty of Jaffa with Saladin
King Richard I (the Lionheart)
The War of Roses was a civil war over this European throne
English Throne
This term refers to the land granted to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and military service
Fief
Architectural style is known for its pointed arches and ribbed vaults, commonly seen in medieval cathedrals
Gothic
The medieval woman that claimed to have visions which inspired her to fight with the French army against the English
Joan of Arc
The official religion of the Byzantine Empire
Eastern Orthodox
This major battle in 1066 resulted in the Norman conquest of England
Battle of Hastings
This is the term for the system in which medieval serfs were legally bound to the land they worked and could not leave without permission
Serfdom
Modern English is a combination of these three languages.
Old English, Old Norse, & French
These two major events happened during the Hundred Years' War
Bubonic Plague & the Great Schism
The most famous Byzantine ruler that succeeded in restoring most of the empire's power
Justinian I
Medieval Western Europe faced invasions from these three groups
Muslims, Maygars, & Vikings
These two Iberian kingdoms united to form modern day Spain
Castile & Aragon
This weapon was introduced at the end of the Hundred Years' War that changed European Warfare permanently
Cannon
This weapon gave England the advantage over France at the beginning of the Hundred Years' War
Longbow