Henry II
Henry II worked on making the courts uniform and wanted to ensure what right?
What were convents and what did they do?
William the Conqueror won the battle of Hastings
1066 CE
The leader of a convent
Abbess
Monarch
A king or queen
What tax did Henry II create and why?
Shield Tax - Created to so he and future kings no longer had to rely on nobles for soldiers and could raise and pay for their own armies.
What was the list of English property owners and their possessions called which allowed William the Conqueror to accurately tax people?
The Doomsday Book
What year was the Magna Carta written and what was its importance?
1215 CE; The "Great Charter" which would force the king to allow all freemen a fair trial and take away unfair fines and punishments.
Punishment given by a high-ranking religious official saying that a person can no longer be part of the Church.
Excommunication
Economy
The way a country manages its' money and resources to produce, buy and sell goods and services.
Who did Henry II name Archbishop of Canterbury and why?
Thomas Becket - To control the Church because Henry wanted to change the weak punishments given within church courts.
In Aquitaine, why was Eleanor's court considered the most civilized place in Europe?
Because she invited troubadours and poets and encouraged interesting conversation.
1337 CE - 1453 CE
A journey undertaken for a religious purpose.
Pilgrimage
Plague
A highly contagious, usually fatal, disease that affects large numbers of people
Name 3 reasons conflict arose between Henry II and Thomas Becket. What was the final outcome of this conflict?
1. Becket refused to help Henry with the church courts
2. Henry ordered the Archbishop of York to crown the next king, a job meant for Becket
3. Becket began to excommunicate Henry's supporters
Henry shouted, "Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?" This was overheard by 4 knights who ultimately killed Becket.
Why was King John unpopular?
Because he abused his power, oppressed his people and angered many barons by increasing taxes and demanding soldiers for foreign wars.
Describe an important event in 1428.
Joan of Arc, a young peasant girl, saw visions from God. She trusted in God, eventually impressing the Dauphin of France. She took leadership of the French Army leading them to many victories before she was captured by the English. The French were inspired by Joan of Arc and continued to fight eventually winning the Hundred Years' War.
To cancel; to make no longer legal or true
Annul
Renaissance
A trend in reviving classical art and literature in Europe, beginning in the 1300's
Who was Henry's wife? How many children did they have and what happened to his children?
Eleanor of Aquitaine; 8 children; rebelled against Henry but lost. Richard the Lionhearted would have been next in line for the throne.
Describe the Model Parliament
1295 Organized representatives from the country would be elected not appointed. In the 1300s Parliament was divided into 2 houses: The House of Commons, those representatives from the towns and cities, and The House of Lords, the representatives of the nobles.
Between these years, the Black Death spread through Europe killing at least one-third of its' people.
1347 CE to 1350 CE
Crusade
Dauphin
The oldest son of the king of France; the male heir to the throne