Byzantine
Who was the leader of the Byzantine Empire during its height of power? What was his wife's name?
Emperor Justinian and Empress Theodora
What is the leader of the Orthodox Church called?
Patriarch
What is a holy war or personal struggle?
jihad
What is the Islamic sect that believes Muhammad's successor should be descended from Muhammad?
Shi'a
Which group came from Scandinavia and pillaged the English and Irish coasts?
Vikings
What language did they speak in the Byzantine Empire?
Greek
What are TWO differences between Catholic and Orthodox Christianity?
Catholic- centered in Rome, has a Pope, priests CANNOT marry
Orthodox- centered in Constantinople, has a patriarch, priests can marry
What is the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca called?
hajj
What is the Islamic sect that believes Muhammad's successor can be anyone chosen by the Muslim community?
Sunni
Who was the first Frankish leader to convert to Christianity?
Clovis
What was the church Justinian built?
Hagia Sophia
What is the Byzantine missionary who created the Russian alphabet so Russians could read the Bible?
St. Cyril
What is Muhammad journey from Mecca to Medina called?
hijrah
What is the term for the collective group of leaders that ruled after Muhammad's death?
Four Rightly Guided Caliphs
Who was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 800 CE on Christmas Day?
Charlemagne
What was the religion of the Byzantine Empire (include the sect)?
Orthodox Christianity
Which two types of Christianity emerge as a result of the Great Schism of 1054 in the western and eastern part of the former Roman Empire?
West= Catholicism
East= Orthodox
What is Islamic law called?
Sharia
What was the capital and sect of the Umayyad Dynasty?
Damascus, Shi'a
Who called the first Crusade in 1054 in Clermont, France?
Pope Urban II
When did the Byzantine Empire fall? Who conquered it?
1453, Ottoman Turks
What was the dispute about that resulted in the Pope and Patriarch excommunicating each other in 1054 (Great Schism)?
The Byzantine Emperor banned the use of icons in the east, but later restored them.
What is the holiday that celebrates Muhammad receiving the Quran involving fasting during daylight hours?
Ramadan
What is the sect and capital of the Abbasid Dynasty?
Sunni, Baghdad
Which Crusade was the only successful Crusade
First
What are THREE accomplishments of Justinian?
1. Expanded the empire westward
2. Created Justinian's Code (reformed Rome's laws)
3. Built the Hagia Sophia
4. Made pro-women's rights laws
Which event resulted in a permanent split between Orthodox and Catholicism during the Crusades?
In the 4th Crusade, Crusaders sacked Constantinople.
What are all 5 Pillars?
1. Declaration of Faith
2. Alms to the Poor
3. Daily Prayer
4. Hajj
5. Ramadan
What are 5 accomplishments of the Abbasid Dynasty (scientific/ mathematic/ art, etc)?
1. Translating texts (House of Wisdom)
2. Calligraphy
3. Algebra
4. Arabesque (geometric design)
5. banking
What is ONE negative and ONE positive of the Crusades?
-Orthodox and Catholicism remains permanently split
-Power of the Church decreases
-Tensions between Christians, Muslims, and Hebrews
-Learning and banking ideas change European society