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Polyphony
Instrumental Music
Additions to Chant
France and Italy!
Potpourri
100
In the polyphony of Leonin and Perotin, this voice is given the melody of the (original) chant.
What is the tenor?
100
This was a Medieval fiddle-type instrument
What is a vielle?
100
This is the general term for an addition to the chant, which could be the addition of musical material and text before the chant, the addition of text to an existing melisma, or the addition of a melisma, usually at the end of a chant.
What is a trope?
100
This place lent its name to a body of polyphony associated with it from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries
What is the Cathedral of Notre Dame?
100
The Greeks believed music influenced this
What is character?
200
This term refers to a style of polyphony in which there are a few (1–3 or so) notes in the organal voice(s) for each note in the tenor
What is discant?
200
This was a mechanically played string instrument; a few of the strings were used as drones.
What is a hurdy-gurdy?
200
This sacred music genre takes the form a bb cc dd . . . n; an example would be "Victimae paschali laudes," ascribed to Wipo of Burgundy
What is a sequence?
200
This wonderful notational device from Trecento Italy functioned much like a modern barline
What is a dot?
200
This term refers to a female troubador
What is a trobairitz?
300
This term describes a style of polyphony in which there is one note in the organal voice for every note in the tenor.
What is free organum?
300
This was an early double reed instrument
What is a shawm?
300
This nun, composer of "Ordo virtutum," was a nun and a badass.
Who is Hildegard von Bingen?
300
This Italian form (aaB), popular in the early fourteenth century, features a ritornello and is not associated with the sixteenth-century genre of the same name
What is the madrigal?
300
This term, from the French "hoquet" ("hiccup"), refers to several lines interacting to form one single line, usually through the use of rests when another voice is singing
What is hocket?
400
If you were writing polyphony in the style of Perotin and you had to set a melismatic section that had originally been for a soloist, you would set it in this style.
What is discant?
400
This instrument was associated with folk music
What is the bagpipe?
400
This type of addition to the chant was a musical setting of a dialogue on a sacred topic; some introduce feast days, and some depict Biblical events
What is a liturgical drama?
400
This tradition of very complex secular polyphony, an extension of the Ars nova tradition, was cultivated in southern France and northern Italy
What is the Ars subtilior?
400
This term refers to a pre-existing tune used as a structure for a new piece (either sacred or secular)
What is a cantus firmus?
500
This term refers to a discrete section of polyphony, usually based on a melisma from a chant with an alternative organal voice, that formed the basis for the earliest motets.
What is a discant clausula?
500
These are the two main types of Medieval organ
What are portative and positive?
500
The addition of a trope to an existing chant often served this purpose (two possible answers)
What is adding solemnity or commenting on the chant's text?
500
This presentation manuscript, copied around the beginning of the fifteenth century, is a major source of early fourteenth century Italian secular polyphony.
What is the Squarcialupi Codex?
500
This process of changing hexachords allowed a singer to cover the entire gamut.
What is mutation?