History
This was named after Pope Gregory
What is Gregorian chant?
Traveling poet-musicians from northern Spain and Italy
Who are the troubadours (men) or trobairitz (women)?
One or two notes for each syllable of text
What is syllabic singing?
Believed to be inspired by The Trinity
ABA model in music
What is ternary form?
Common folk lost this from the Middle Ages
What is music?
Traveling composer-performers from the north of France
What are trouvéres?
The earliest known church polyphony
What is organum?
A higher counter melody
What is discant, discantus or descant?
The texture of the early chant
What is monophonic/monophony?
A "new art" movement that emphasized innovation over tradition, leading to more complex rhythms, varied harmonies and increased expressiveness
What is Ars Nova?
A churchwoman and visionary who contributed remarkably to plainchant
Who is Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
A loud instrument and forerunner of the trombone
What is a sackbut?
Medieval system of musical notation
What is a neume?
A musical form where the refrain appears several times.
What is a rondeau (rondo)?
An instrument developed from the Byzantine lyra
What is a fiddle?
Two theologians/philosophers and poets/musicians wrote a new style of composition; polyphonic chant.
Who are Leoninus and Perotinus?
A polyphonic love song (in French) for 2-4 voices
What is a chanson?
8 of these reflect the notes from which melody is crafted
What is a church mode?
Organum that moves only in one direction
What is parallel or strict organum?
A depressing event from Medieval times
What is a plague?
What is the poverty of peasantry?
What is a famine?
What is violence/war?
A composer who spearheaded the ars nova movement and had his hand in both the sacred and secular worlds.
Who is Guillaume de Machaut?
Two separate texts in the same song from the 13th century
What is polytextual music?
From the words "measured music," this music notation evolved to notate polyphonic vocal music more accurately, evolving from rhythmic modes
What is mensural notation?
Organum that moves both parallel and contrary
What is free organum?