Definitions
Define: Shikimoku
legal governance document
How did the division of power change politically through the eruption of the Kamakura Shogunate?
Imperial power as an Emperor was decentralized, and the Kamakura Shogunate held power while the Emperor had little authority. (Like playing video games with your little cousins, they think they are playing, but the remote is not connected). Illusion of power.
What prompted the downfall of the Kamakura Shogunate in 1333
Emperor Go-Daigo disagreed with the division of imperial power (148)
What was the name of the first Shogunate?
Kamakura Shogunate
How were acts of violence shown during this time?
Disorders, outrage, wounding, offensive and defensive warfare, quarrells, disputes, battles.
Define: Jito
Land Stewards
Why was the Kamakura Shogunate a significant political change for Japan?
Imperial power was negatively impacted & weakened because the Shogunate gained military control which is a significant part of ruling and therefore decentralized power for the Emperor.
Were the samurai more loyal to their lords or the Kamakura Shogunate? What is your answer, and why?
The samurai served their lords (Daiymo) not necessarily the government. Essentially their duty lied to where they were as well as who they were tied to.
What was the first Shogunate's main consensus?
To regulate authority as a Warrior class & punish those who acted in rebellion against the state/Japan.
What are examples used in the text of lawful violence?
Obeying military orders and acts of self defence.
Define: Daimyo
Warlord
What did the Mongol invasions of 1274 and 1281 reveal about the Kamakura’s governing nature?
Revealed shortcomings of the Shogunate as a larger governing body because it was responsible for the public protection of Japan. However it was a private entity with a general focus surrounding the samurai class. So while they are connected they are not really interchangeable.
When was the Joei formed?
1232
What years/century did the first Shogunate operate in?
1192-1333
During the first 400 years of warrior ascendancy how did lawful violence change?
Lawful violence went from being deployed by state to being deployed on behalf of private state.
Define: Shugo
Provincial Constable
What was the Warrior Regime
Military government that prompted the eruption of the Samurai class.
What is the Joei code?
To outline and regulate the Shogunate's authority in a legal document.
What did both of the first two Shogunates issue and, what was its purpose? *Bonus points if you know the correct term!
Shikimoku - It was created to regulate law & order. It was an outline for legal principles/laws for its governance.
What are some key differences between state sanctioned violence and regular violence?
Sanctioned violence is violence that is typically seen as okay, sometimes sanctioned violence is even encouraged in specific situations. Regular violence is considered wrong and often involves strong physical force.
Define: sei'i taishogun
Great barbarian subduing general
what rule was briefly restored after shogunate fell?
imperial rule
Why was the Joei Formulary formed?
The official code made the military government more stable. It was a power move in response to previous Emperor Go-Toba's failed attempt to overthrow the Shogunate.
From which did the third shogunate erupt?
Civil War, ruled from 1600-1867
How did Warlords (Daimyo) in the 16th century use violence to distinguish themselves from society?
They manipulated violence by regulating it from individual to state-sanctioned (145).