Oxygen
Which oxygen source is best for Tracheostomy, laryngectomy an ET tubes?
T- Piece
What does CPAP do?
Continuous positive pressure
What causes hypoxia with a trach?
Ineffective oxygenation before and during suctioning
using to large of catheter
prolonged suctioning time
excessive suctioning pressure
too frequent suctioning
How would sleep apnea be diagnosed?
If suspected after screening they will go to sleep study
What are the four types of pneumonia?
Community acquired
Hospital acquired
Healthcare- acquired
Ventilator-associated
What does a T-Piece have that should be seen?
Humidification through mist
Should be seen on inspiration and expiration
What is CPAP used for?
Atelectasis after surgery
Cardiac induced pulmonary edema
Sleep apnea
What are some complications with tracheostomy?
Pneumothorax
subcutaneous emphysema
bleeding
infection
constant pressure from the cuff
tracheal stenosis
Trachesophageal fistula
Tracheal-innominate artery fistula
What are the long term effects of obstructive sleep apnea?
Stoke
Weight gain
Diabetes
Heart and lung disease
What are the signs of Pneumonia?
High Fever
Productive cough
Dyspnea
Malaise
Crackles/Wheezing
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
What are the two types of positive pressure ventilation?
Bi Pap
CPAP
What is transtracheal oxygen delivery?
Long term delivery of O2 directly into lung
What is sleep apnea?
Breathing disruption during sleep from partial obstruction of the airway
What are some nonsurgical managements for obstructive sleep apnea?
Change of sleep position (Right side)
Weight loss
Positive pressure ventilation
What are signs of Pneumonia in older adults?
Orthostatic hypotension
Low grade temperature
Not always a cough
confusion
Dehydration
Hypoxic
Vasodilation
What does noninvasive positive pressure ventilation do?
Uses positive pressure to keep alveoli open to improve gas exchange without intubation
What symptoms might a patient have that would point to them needing to suctioned?
Cannot cough adequate
Audible, noisy secretions
Crackles/wheezing
Increased Heart rate
How long is the disruption of sleep apnea?
Last 10 seconds and occurs at least 5 times an hour
What are the surgical managements for obstructive sleep apnea?
Adenoidectomy
Uvulectomy
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
What can the nurse educate an older patient on how to prevent pneumonia?
Get Pneumovax
Get flu vaccine
Stay hydrated
Increase mobility
Deep breathing, coughing
Do not smoke
What does BiPap do?
Delivers an inhale and exhale pressure
What are the complications of suctioning?
Hypoxia
tissue trauma
infection
vagal stimulation
cardiac dysthymias
What are symptoms of sleep apnea?
Excessive daytime sleepiness
Inability to concentrate
Irritability
What is happening in the body when a patient has pneumonia?
Excess fluid in the lungs resulting from inflammatory process
Fluids impair gas exchange
What are nursing interventions for patient with Pneumonia?
O2 therapy
Drainage - Incentive spirometer, Bronchodilators, Steroids