Week 6
Migraine triggers (list at least 2)
Head trauma, caffeine, foods with nitrates or tyramine, artificial sweeteners, hormonal changes, bright lights, strong odors, changes in weather, stress, skipping meals
Pathophysiology of a hemorrhagic stroke (must include at least 1 component of answer)
This happens when a hemorrhage occurs in the brain, which leads to increased intracranial pressure, decreased blood flow to the brain, and not enough oxygen
What do sensation and motor function involve for someone with a complete spinal cord injury?
No sensory or motor function below the level of injury
Manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS) (must name at least 2)
cognitive - concentration difficulties, memory impairment, impaired executive function
sensory - paresthesia, loss of sensation, dysesthesias
psych - anxiety, depression
vestibular - vertigo, gait
bulbar - dysphagia, dysarthria
motor - fatigue, spasticity, tremor, weakness
urinary and bowel - incontinence, urgency, retention, reflux, diarrhea, constipation
A client recovering from respiratory acidosis is ordered to receive 500 mg of Amoxicillin oral suspension. The concentration listed on the bottle is 400 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters should the client receive?
6.25
•medical emergency; seizure of 5 minutes or longer duration or recurrent without recovery between
Modifiable risk factors of stroke (must name at least 2)
•HTN (in many cases), hyperlipidemia, smoking, vaping, physical inactivity, poor diet, diabetes, obesity of the abdomen
Manifestation of spinal cord injury (SCI)specific to the C1 to C4 area
Ventilator dependence
The patient with MS is taking Tysabri. They present to the ER with complaints of progressive weakness to their arms and legs and aphasia. What will the nurse anticipate will happen with the Tysabri? Why? (must answer both questions for points)
It should be immediately stopped because the client is experiencing signs of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
The provider prescribes meclizine 25 mg PO every 6 hours. The available tablets are 12.5 mg each. How many tablets should the nurse administer?
2
Safety considerations of seizures (must name at least 3)
•Seizure precautions
•Activity restrictions
•Driving restrictions
•Active seizure interventions
(Points are also awarded if you mentioned specific seizure precautions or active seizure interventions)
Treatment of ischemic stroke (must name at least 2)
•Alteplase within 3 hours of the onset of manifestations
•Aspirin (ASA) within 48 hours
•Surgery (thrombectomy or decompressive hemicraniectomy)
•Rehabilitation
Autonomic dysreflexia - manifestations above the level of injury (must name at least 3)
Vasodilation (severe, rapid increase in BP; flushed face; headache; distended neck veins; decreased heart rate; increased sweating)
Manifestations of foot drop (must name at least 1)
Trouble lifting foot; foot dragging when walking; increased fall risk
A client in the emergency department has presented with vomiting due to Meniere's disease. The doctor ordered promethazine 25 mg IM once for vomiting. The promethazine concentration that is listed on the vial is 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
0.5
Treatment of acute seizure (must name at least 2)
•Supportive care – ABCs, injury prevention; benzodiazepines (lorazepam, diazepam, midazolam); levetiracetam or barbiturates (e.g., phenobarbital)
Manifestations of worsening subdural hematoma (SDH) (must name at least 2)
seizures, paralysis, respiratory distress, coma, death
Autonomic dysreflexia - manifestations below the level of injury (must name at least 2)
Vasoconstriction (Pale, cool, no sweating)
A medical emergency that happens when the nerve root of the lower end of the spine is compressed, cutting off sensation and movement. If surgery doesn't occur within 48 hours, paralysis is possible.
Cauda equina syndrome
A provider orders ibuprofen 600 mg PO once. Tablets are 200 mg each. How many tablets should be given?
3
Difference between TIA and stroke (must name at least 2)
TIA - temporary blockage, minutes to 24 hours of manifestations, no residual; TIA - "mini stroke"
Stroke - not temporary blockage; can leave a residual; more severe than TIA
Parkinson's disease impact on overall health (must name at least 3)
•Physiological (Involuntary movements, sleep problems, extreme fatigue)
•Psychosocial (Depression, anxiety, social isolation, memory loss, emotional fluctuations)
•Considerations of the aging adult (Fall prevention)
Adverse effects of baclofen (must name at least 3)
Drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, hyperglycemia, ataxia, hypotension, confusion
Education reinforcement of spinal stenosis (must include at least 3)
manifestations, medications, and lifestyle changes (such as a healthy diet, exercise, weight management, and smoking cessation)
A client is ordered to receive liquid baclofen 5 mg three times daily via gastric tube. The concentration listed on the bottle is 25 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
1