19th Century Politics
This bill, passed by Parliament in 1832, increased the British electorate to 20% of the male population and eliminated "rotten" and "pocket" boroughs.
What is the Reform Bill of 1832?
These were the three reasons Germany was the most successful in the Second Industrialization.
What were:
1. Not industrializing first time around
2. German Universities (emphasis on science & research)
3. German Banking System (willing to invest in new capital and inventions)
He was the ultra-conservative brother of Louis XVIII (and XVI) who was king of France from 1824-1830.
Who was Charles X?
These two crises in France in the 1890s demonstrated the growth of a "far-right" movement in France, as well as a more politicized form of antisemitism.
What are the Boulanger Crisis and the Dreyfus Affair?
The origins of nationalism in Europe.
What is the French Revolution?
Led by William Gladstone, this Victorian political party positioned itself as the reform-minded, anti-imperialist party.
What is the Liberal Party?
This method, invented by an Englishmen in 1864, allowed for steel to be produced much more efficiently and cheaply.
What is the Bessemer Process?
This event took place on July 14, 1789 and was the first mob-led event of the French Revolution.
What was the Storming of the Bastille?
This term emerged in the late-19th century and referred to Catholics who only attended church for major life events, such as baptisms, marriages, and funerals.
What is "four-wheeled Catholics"?
The two smaller states responsible for unification in their respective countries.
What were Piedmont-Sardinia and Prussia?
These three European leaders were quintessential examples of the "new conservatism" that emerged following the Revolutions of 1848.
Who were Otto von Bismarck, Napoleon III, and Camillo di Cavour?
This classical economic philosophy was complicated by the effects rapid industrialization had on European society.
What is laissez-faire economics?
This nearly decade-long revolution from 1821-1829 was the first major test for the Concert of Europe.
What was the Greek War for Independence?
The conflict between Chancellor Otto von Bismarck and the German Catholic minority.
What was Kulturkampf?
This Italian was known as the "heart" of Italian Unification for his liberal and Romantic visions of uniting Italy from the "bottom-up" based on common language and heritage.
Who is Giuseppe Mazzini?
This document was the first time in European history where citizens were declared equal under the law.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen?
This metal was the foundation of the First Industrial Revolution.
What is Iron?
These three groups, which demonstrated the wide variety of political opinions in France, were the three major political groups or "parties" in the French legislature during the July Monarchy.
What are the Republicans, the Legitimists, and the Orleanists?
As a consequence of their new theories, these two late-19th century scientists upended many long-held beliefs of average Europeans.
Who were Albert Einstein and Charles Darwin?
This war, fought from 1853-1856, demonstrated the emergence of a more "conservative" nationalism.
What is the Crimean War?
This act, passed in 1834 and initially not well-received by the British public, was one of the earliest examples of government intervention in citizens' every day lives to try to improve living and working conditions.
What is the Poor Law of 1832?
She advocated for separate spheres between men and women in Victorian England and encouraged middle-class women to take pride in their station in society.
Who was Sarah Stickney Ellis?
This was the immediate reason for the outbreak of revolution in Paris in 1848.
What was the cancellation of the reform banquets?
This book detailed an Englishman's shift from a conservative-minded agricultural worker to a radical citizen anxious for reform.
These were the two types of nationalism prominent in Europe in the early part of the 19th century. (ie: the 1820s and 1830s?)
What are a) wanting to unite a country based on groups with similar characteristics (language, religion, etc)
b) wanting to obtain freedom from a dominating power (ie: Greece, Poland).