Government
Japanese leaders looked at the ideas that made Western countries strong and successful. Name two.
1. Common religion - Christianity
2. Loyalty to country and leadership
What two religions were previously accepted?
Shinto & Buddhism
The government prohibited the practice of this, traditionally completed by the Ainu.
Tattooing
Define backlash
What is a consitution.
Describes the parts of the government and the powers given to each part.
What religion was declared the official religion?
Shinto
Traditionally, Japanese working men wore loincloths. After complaints from European women, the governor changed there dress codes to this.
'shirt or tunic, properly closed'
Following backlash, the Japanese leaders adapted their previous motto - Civilization and Enlightenment' to this.
Western science, Japanese essence.
A constitutional study mission was sent to research abroad. Whose model did the Japanese adopt?
Prussia
What did the Emperor order the doctors to practice?
Eastern & Western medicine.
This Japanese ritual shocked Westerners. These practices were closed or modified
Public bathing
Why did the Europeans and Americans mock the Japanese?
How quickly they took to Western clothes and customs
Japanese citizens were granted these 5 rights/freedoms (among others)
1. freedom of speech
2. freedom of religion
3. rights to privacy, property, movement.
What did the emperor practice to maintain his traditional values as the emperor?
Poetry
4 changes were made in the Imperial court etiquette.
1. woven tatami mats > carpet
2. shake hands
3. smile constantly
4. European style food at receptions
What controversial things happened within the Deer Cry Pavillion?
Buffet tables, European foods, cigars, cards/billiards. French orchestras played operettas and German bands played polkas and waltzes.
Why did freedom of speech/press last only a few years?
Division of political parties was discouraged, different perspectives didn't fit the Japanese worldview
What was the strongest influence that came from Japan to the West?
Japanese art and design.
How did men change their attire during the 1870s?
Hair cut short, grew bears/moustaches, military were ordered to wear Western-style uniforms.
The emperor's powers were described as 'sacred and inviolable'. What does this mean?
They were not to be challenged or dishonoured.