Before the Restoration
This military government ruled Japan before the Meiji Restoration.
What is the Tokugawa Shogunate?
This emperor became the symbol of a new, modern Japan.
Who is Emperor Meiji?
Japan adopted a constitution based on this European country’s model.
What is Germany (Prussia)?
Japan studied Western ideas through these fact-finding trips abroad.
What are the Iwakura Missions?
Japan’s industrial and military strength led it to defeat this country in 1905.
What is Russia?
Japan followed this type of foreign policy, meaning it was mostly closed off to other countries.
What is isolationism (sakoku)?
These leaders helped overthrow the Tokugawa and supported modernization.
Who are the Meiji oligarchs?
This new system replaced samurai with citizen soldiers.
What is conscription / a modern national army?
Japan ended this type of treaty system to prove it was a modern power.
What are unequal treaties?
Japan became this type of global power after industrializing.
What is an imperial power?
This class of warriors dominated society under the Tokugawa system.
Who were the samurai?
The slogan "Fukoku kyōhei" guided policy—translate it.
What is "Rich country, strong military"?
Name one industry the government promoted heavily.
What is railroads, textiles, shipbuilding, or steel?
Westernization influenced Japanese clothing, food, and even this hairstyle.
What is cutting the topknot?
In 1894–1895, Japan fought and won this war against a neighboring country.
What is the First Sino-Japanese War?
This American commodore forced Japan to open its ports to trade in 1853.
Who is Matthew Perry?
This group lost its privileged status after reforms.
Who were the samurai?
These schools became widespread to educate citizens.
What are public schools (Western-style education)?
Japan adopted Western technology especially in this field.
What is the military / weapons?
Japan annexed this nearby peninsula in 1910.
What is Korea?
The arrival of the U.S. and unequal treaties sparked this internal conflict.
What are political and social unrest/rebellions against the shogunate?
These two domains (regions) led the charge to restore imperial power.
What are Satsuma and Chōshū?
This document laid out the emperor’s vision for a modern Japan in 1868.
What is the Charter Oath?
Japan’s modernization was partly driven by fear of this.
What is colonization / imperialism by Western powers?
The Meiji Restoration is often compared to this revolution for its fast modernization.
What is the Industrial Revolution (in Britain)?