Stages of Meiosis
In which stage do homologous chromosomes pair up?
Prophase I
What type of cell division produces gametes?
Meiosis
What is the term for paired chromosomes, one from each parent?
Homologous Chromosomes
How many times is PMAT carried out during Meiosis?
2
Why is meiosis important for reproduction?
It produces haploid gametes
During which stage do sister chromatids separate?
Anaphase II
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
Four
What are sister chromatids?
Identical copies of a chromosome joined at the centromere
What happens during Anaphase I?
Homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends
What process during meiosis increases genetic variation?
Crossing over
What stage immediately follows Telophase I?
Prophase II
Are daughter cells produced by meiosis diploid or haploid?
Haploid
What is crossing over?
Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
How many cells exist after Meiosis I is complete?
2
Why is meiosis called a reduction division?
It reduces the number of chromosomes by half
During which stage do homologous chromosomes separate?
Anaphase I
What types of cells are produced by meiosis in humans?
Sperm and eggs (gametes)
The physical expression of a gene is called
A phenotype
Four haploid cells are formed with new nuclei during what phase?
Telophase II
A human sperm or egg cell contains how many chromosomes?
23
Which stage includes crossing over?
Prophase I
How does meiosis differ from mitosis in terms of genetic makeup of daughter cells?
Meiosis produces genetically different cells; mitosis produces identical cells
The failure of chromosomes to split during meiosis is called
non-disjunction
What is pulled away by spindle fibers during Anaphase II?
Centrioles
What must happen before meiosis can begin?
DNA replication must occur