Genetics 1
The characteristics of an organism.
Traits
It only takes one of these for this trait to be shown.
Dominant allele
Human cells contain ________ chromosomes
46
A random change in an organism’s DNA
mutation
An organism’s particular genetic makeup
Genotype
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called.
Heredity
Organism has two of the same genes
Homozygous
Type of cell division that produces gametes
Meiosis
Mitosis creates two exact copies of these.
Daughter cells
An organism's physical appearance
Phenotype
Chromosomes are made up of _______.
DNA
Organisms have two different genes for the same trait
heterozygous
One of two or more forms of a particular gene.
Allele
Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1
Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Anaphase 2, Telophase 2
Basic unit of heredity carried by the chromosomes
genes
Where are chromosomes located?
Nucleus
Punnett Square
Genes of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
Recessive gene
What is an example of multiple alleles?
Human blood types (A, B, AB, and O)
A structure made of coiled DNA that transfers hereditary information to the next generation
Chromosome
Having Freckles (F) is dominant over not having Freckles (f). If a person who is heterozygous has children with a person who is also homozygous recessive, what is the probability that their children will have Freckles?
50%
Right-handedness (R) is dominant over left-handedness (r). If a person who is heterozygous has children with a person who is also heterozygous, what would be their children’s possible genotypes?
RR, Rr, rr
This test can be done to determine if an individual has too many or too few chromosomes as a result of a mutation.
Karyotype
Who determines the gender of an offspring?
The male
What type of inheritance shows a variation in the trait (such as with height)?
Polygenetic inheritance