Genetics
Pedigrees
Mutations
Albinism
Rock Pocket Mice
100
Is a dominant allele represented by a capital or lowercase letter?
CAPITAL
100
What is the purpose of a pedigree?
to show the presence of a trait over generations
100
DNA is double stranded. What do we call it's single stranded cousin?
RNA
100
Albinism is caused by a deficiency in what protein?
melanin
100
What are the two phenotypes of mice that we have discussed?
light and dark furred
200
What kind of diagram is this?
Punnett Square
200
When reading a pedigree, what do the circles represent?
Female
200
During transcription DNA bases get changed to RNA bases. If C->G , G->C , and T->A , what does A->_?
U
200
Individuals with albinism will commonly experience problems with which of the five senses?
sight
200
When the ground turns dark, overtime the amount of dark mice will _____ (increase/ decrease). Why?
Increase; better camouflage
300
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotypes = letters
Phenotype = trait
300
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
3
300
Using your codon wheel, which amino acid would "GUC" code for?
Val
300
Is albinism a recessive or dominant trait?
recessive
300
Why are some mice light colored and some are dark colored?
random mutations
400
Is "Dd" a heterozygous or homozygous genotype?
heterozygous
400
How many carriers are present in this pedigree?
6 (not 8!)
400
A mutation that does NOT cause a change in the amino acid sequence is known as what kind of mutation?
silent
400
Explain how there can be multiple different types of albinism.
different melanin coding genes have mutations
400
In a patch of dark volcanic rock, which colored mouse would have a greater fitness?
dark colored
500
A TT (tall) plant was crossed with a tt (short) plant. What percentage of the offspring will be tall?
100%
500
What correction has to be made to this pedigree for it to be true?
Both of the parents have a be a carrier (half colored in)
500
Their are multiple types of mutations. What do you call one that shifts the frame of the codons?
frameshift
500
Name ONE of the FIVE genes that we learned about that a mutation of which could cause albinism,
TYR, OCA2, TYRP1, SLC45A2, or MC1R
500
How is natural selection occurring in rock pocket mice fur color?
mice that are better camouflaged in their environment have higher fitness