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Types of Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
Primary Nucleic Acid Structure
The DNA Double Helix
Replication of DNA Molecules
100
What does DNA and RNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid
100
What two sugars are found in nucleotides?
Ribose and deoxyribose
100
In what direction does the nucleic acid sequence read?
From the 5' end to the 3' end
100
What nucleotide has the same % as the percent of T, which has the same % as the percent of G?
%A = %T %C=%G
100
What is DNA replication?
A biochemical process where DNA molecules produce exact duplicates of themselves.
200
What is a nucleic acid?
A polymer where the monomer units are nucleotides.
200
What three units are found in a nucleotide?
A base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.
200
What type of bond links together nucleotide units?
Sugar-Phosphate bonds
200
What is a complimentary base?
Pairs of bases in a nucleic acid structure that are able to hydrogen bond with each other.
200
What is a chromosome?
An individual DNA molecule bound to a group of proteins.
300
What nucleic acid is found in the nucleus?
DNA
300
The bases are categorized in what two groups?
Pyrimidines and Purines
300
Define deoxyribonucleic acid?
A nucleotide polymer which has monomers that are made up of a phosphate group and ATCG
300
If there is 30% T in DNA, then what are the percentages of A, C, and G?
A=30% C=20% G=20%
300
What are the 3 enzymes involved in DNA replication?
DNA Helicase, DNA Polymerase, and DNA Ligase
400
What is the primary function of DNA?
Store and transfer genetic information
400
What charge does the hydrogen phosphate ion have under cellular pH conditions?
A negative or -2 charge.
400
Define ribonucleic acid.
A polymer with monomers that contain ribose, a phosphate group, and a heterocyclic base. It has ACGU.
400
What is the complimentary strand of 5' CGTATT 3'?
3'GCATAA5'
400
A chromosome is what % DNA and what % protein by mass.
15% DNA 85% Protein
500
Whats is the primary function of RNA?
To make proteins.
500
Which nucleotide bases are found in the pyrimidine group and which are in the purine group?
Pyrimidine: Thymine, Cytosine, and Uracil Purine: Adenine, and Guanine
500
What part of a nucleic acid is the "backbone"?
Phosphate and ribose sugar units alternating in a chain.
500
How many hydrogen bonds would exist between the strand 5' TCAGGAGT 3' and its complimentary strand?
20
500
A normal human has how many chromosomes per cell?
46