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Memory & it's processes
ENCODING
LTM AND STM
Forgetting
Retrieval & Recall
100

a process that recollects and receives information from the senses, organizes and alters it as it stores it away, and then recollects and retrieves the information from storage.

What is memory

100
the memory system in which information is held for brief periods of time while being used.
What is short term memory
100
the system of memory into which all the information is placed to be kept more or less permanently.
What is long term memory
100

failure to process information into memory

What is encoding failure/information is lost (not-remembered)

100
type of memory retrieval in which the information to be retrieved must be "pulled" from memory with very few external cues.
What is recall
200

a process in which the environmental stimuli is perceived and changed into a form that can be stored in the brain. 

What is encoding

200

Memories stored by perceiving visual objects

Visual encoding

200
a method of transferring information from STM into LTM by making that information meaningful in some way.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
200

memory retrieval problem that occurs when older information prevents or interferes with the retrieval of newer information.

What is proactive interference

200

Recalling events in sequential order of their occurrence. 

Serial Recall

300

Model of memory that proposes we form memory in three stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and then into long-term memory

What is information processing model

300
practice of saying some information to be remembered over and over in one’s head in order to maintain it in short-term memory (STMs tend to be encoded in auditory form).
What is maintenance rehearsal
300

type of memory containing information that is conscious and known (memory of facts, words, and concepts)

What is semantic memory

300

Can disrupt the formation of new long term memories

Damage to the hippocampus

300
tendency of information at the beginning and end of a body of information to be remembered more accurately than information in the middle of the body of information.
What is serial position effect
400

A scratchpad where your brain actively processes important information. 

What is working memory

400

Memories organized by connections made to memories formed and encoded already; building context

What is elaborative encoding

400

type of including memory for skills, procedures, habits, and conditioned responses. These memories are not conscious but are implied to exist because they affect conscious behavior. 

What is implicit memory

400

the changes that take place in the structure and functioning of neurons when an memory is formed.

What is consolidation

400
the tendency of misleading information presented after an event to alter the memories of the event itself.
What is misinformation effect
500

Active processing of sensory information and focusing our spotlight of attention. 

What are the two basic functions of working memory

500
Duration of STM
What is lasts from about 12 to 30 seconds without rehearsal
500

The amount of information that can be stored in long-term memory

What is long term memory is unlimited 

500
- loss of memory from the point of injury or trauma forward, or the inability to form new long-term memories ("senile dementia").
What is anterograde amnesia
500
tendency to remember information at the end of a body of information better than the information ahead of it.
What is recency effect