Memory Functions
An information processing system that uses encoding, storage and retrieval.
What is Memory?
The hippocampus seems to be more of a processing area for explicit memories but you could still lose it and be able to create implicit memories because of this.
The formulation of new memories and the process of bringing up old memories.
What is Construction and Reconstruction?
Organizing information into manageable bits or chunks.
What is Chunking?
Strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories, and weaker emotional experiences form weaker memories.
What is Arousal Theory?
This is something that has these properties:
Labels/codes information
Organizes information with other similar information
uses Automatic Processing and Effortful processing
What is Encoding?
This is involved in specifically normal recognition memory as well as spatial memory. This is also used to project information to cortical regions that give memories meaning and connect them with other memories.
What is the Hippocampus?
this is the loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological trauma.
What is Amnesia?
These are memory aids that help us organize information for encoding.
What are Mnemonic Devices?
This is the loss of memory for events that occurred prior to the trauma. People with this cannot remember some or even all of their past.
This is when people cannot remember new information, although you can remember information and events that happened prior to your injury.
What is Retrograde Amnesia and Anterograde Amnesia?
Semantic encoding - the encoding of words and their meaning.
Visual encoding - the encoding of images.
Acoustic encoding - the encoding of sounds
What are the 3 types of Encoding?
The main job of the this is to regulate emotions, such as fear and aggression. This also plays a part in how memories are stored because storage is influenced by stress hormones.
What is the Amygdala?
This describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories. This contributes to eyewitnesses misidentifying criminals.
What is Suggestibility?
This is a technique in which you think about the meaning of new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory.
What is Elaborative Rehearsal?
Explicit Memories: Episodic, and Semantic
Implicit Memories: Procedural, Priming, Emotional Conditioning
What are the 2 types of Long Term Memory?
This takes information from sensory memory and sometimes connects that memory to something already in long-term memory.
Usually lasts about 20 seconds
Capacity is typically 7 items -/+2
What is Short Term Memory?
While we don't know specifics, but we know that communication among these are critical for developing new memories.
What are neurons/neurotransmitters?
This is when old information hinders the recall of newly learned information.
(Hint: When the new year starts, we still tend to right the old year.)
What is Proactive Interference?
This helps make sure information goes from short-term memory to long-term memory.
What are Memory Enhancing Strategies?
This happens when information learned more recently hinders the recall of older information.
(Hint: Getting a new phone number but remembering the old one first)
What is Retroactive Interference?
This is the continuous storage of information and it encompasses all the things you can remember that happened more than a few minutes ago.
What is Long Term Memory?
If part of one area of the brain involved in memory is damaged, another part of the same area can take over that memory function.
What is the Equipotentiality Hypothesis?
Transience, Absentmindedness, Blocking, Misattribution, Suggestibility, Bias and Persistence.
What are Schacter’s Seven Sins of Memory?
This helps boost your Short Term Memory especially when writing about personal or traumatic experiences.
What is Expressive Writing?
This is the group of neurons that serve as the “physical representation of memory”.
What is an Engram?