Types of Memory
Encoding
Memory Strategies
Forgetting
Memory Systems
The Brain & Memory
100
This type of memory involves facts and concepts.
What is explicit (declarative) memory?
100
Using sound or rhymes to remember information is an example of this type of encoding.
What is acoustic encoding?
100
This type of retrieval is used to when answering a multiple-choice question or identifying a criminal in a lineup of suspects.
What is recognition?
100
Tip of the tongue phenomenon is a clear demonstration this sin of memory.
What is blocking?
100
This memory system holds information for only a few seconds.
What is sensory memory?
100
This brain structure is essential for forming new explicit memories.
What is the hippocampus?
200
This type of memory involves of unconscious skills and actions.
What is implicit memory?
200
The control process needed to transfer information into short-term memory.
What is attention?
200
This rehearsal focuses on meaning rather than repetition.
What is "elaborative rehearsal"
200
This memory error occurs when misleading information alters recall.
What is suggestibility?
200
Repeating a phone number to yourself uses this memory process.
What is rehearsal?
200
This structure is involved in forming these types of memories, but not the kind Clive Wearing lost.
What are implicit (non-declarative) memories? (Procedural and classical conditioning)
300
This is recounting a event and playing it like a movie in our heads. For example: remembering the day you started high school.
What is episodic memory?
300
Associating words with their meanings is an example of this type of encoding.
What is semantic encoding?
300
Sleeping after studying helps strengthen this memory process.
What is memory consolidation?
300
Amantha left her phone somewhere, but she can't remember where is an example of this.
What is absentmindedness?
300
Miller found that working‑memory capacity is approximately this many units.
What is Miller's Magic Number of (7 +or- 2)?
300
This brain region is linked to fear and the processing of emotional memory.
What is the amygdala?
400
This type of memory allows you to ride a bike without thinking about the steps.
What is procedural memory?
400
These are very detailed and vivid memories as a result of a significant event, like remembering the details of 9/11.
What is a flashbulb memory?
400
This theory explains why memories formed during emotionally intense events, such as accidents or major celebrations, are often stronger than memories formed during neutral experiences.
What is arousal theory?
400
The gradual fading of memories over time is called this.
What is transience?
400
Grouping information into manageable units is called this strategy.
What is chunking?
400
This brain region is more active during the encoding and retrieval of this type of explicit memory.
What is semantic memory?
500
H.M. could still form memories of this type despite hippocampal removal.
What are implicit memories?
500
Clive Wearing and patient H.M. both were suffered from this due to damage to their hippocampus.
What is anterograde amnesia?
500
ROYGBIV is an example of this.
What is a mnemonic device?
500
Ezra got a new phone number, but keeps giving out his old phone number on accident when people ask him is an example of this.
What is proactive interference?
500
This process involves bringing stored information back into conscious awareness.
What is retrieval?
500
This neurotransmitter is most strongly linked to motor movement and memory.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
600
Explicit memory and implicit memory are made up of these 5 types of memory.
What are semantic, episodic, procedural, priming, and conditioning?
600
Intentional and conscious encoding of information occurs through this process.
What is effortful processing?
600
Spacing study sessions over time is called this.
What is distributed practice?
600
In a study, researchers asked one group of participants to watch a video about two friends in an unpleasant argument. They asked another group of participants to watch the same video, but told participants that it was a video of two friends enjoying a lively discussion. Afterwards, the researchers notice that participants who were told the discussion was an argument were more likely to falsely report that the people in the video were yelling, frowning, and getting angry. This is an example of...
What is the Misinformation Effect
600
Individuals with hyperthymesia tend to have an unusually effective type of memory known as this.
What is super autobiographical memory?
600
After an accident, a woman can't remember anything about her life before the accident. Over time, her memories returned.
What is an example of retrograde amnesia?