Laws
Vocabulary
Punnett Squares
Not So Simple
Human Traits
100
List the three Laws of Heritability
Law of Segregation, Dominance, and Independent Assortment
100
One of two or more alternative genes found on the same place on a chromosome
Alleles
100
What are two alleles that are the exact same called?
Homozygous
100
What is it called when genes have multiple phenotypic effects.
Pleiotropy
100
What determines if an inherited disorder is dominant or recessive?
Its alleles
200
What is the definition for the Law of Segregation?
Individuals possesses two alleles and each parent passes down one allele
200
Any observable trait or feature, a heritable feature that varies
Character
200
yy YY
YY |__|__|
yy |__|__|
Are these genes homozygous or heterozygous?
Homozygous
200
List the alleles for blood type
A, B, AB, O
200
Give an example of a recessive disorder
Cystic Fibrosis
300
What is the Rule of Multiplication?
Determines the probability that two or more independent events will occur together in some specific combination by multiplying the probability of two events
300
Give an example of a phenotype.
Ex. Hair color, eye color, height, etc.
300
If two people with blue eyes (a recessive trait) have children, what will the color of the children's eyes be?
Blue
300
What is plolygenic inheritance?
Different alleles combine to form a resulting trait
300
Give two examples of dominant disorders
Huntington disease and Marfon syndrome
400
Define Probability
A number, between 0 and 1, expressing the precise likelihood of an event happening
400
Define phenotype and genotype
Genotype: genetic constitution of an individual organism
Phenotype: apparent traits resulting from the genotype
400
Top Right: Tt
Bottom Right: tt
400
What is this?
Pedigree Chart
400
What are alleles of recessive disorders called?
Carriers
500
List the four rules for the Probability Laws
Multiplication, Addition, Sum, and Product
500
Define incomplete dominance.
The resulting individual will express a trait between the two possibilities
500
A woman is heterozygous for the trait of brown eyes. Her husband has blue eyes. (Blue eyes are a recessive trait) How likely is their spawn going to have BROWN eyes?
50%
500
Phenotype: Red Pink White
Genotype: RR Rr rr
What is this an example of?
Incomplete Dominance
500
Explain what pedigree charts are used for
Used to predict specific genotypes and phenotypes, and can also be used to track a specific mutation