If the offspring of many generations of an organism have the same trait, then organism is said to be what?
purebred
100
What type of mutation has occurred if the DNA sequence ACGTC mutates to ACTC?
deletion of a single base pair
100
Because you are not born with them, scars are an example of what type of trait?
acquired
100
How many gametes are created from a single cell during meiosis?
four
100
Segments of chromosomes that represent factors that control traits are called what?
Genes
200
The physical appearance of a trait is referred to as an organism's what?
phenotype
200
In humans, the ability to roll one's tongue is dominant over the inability to roll it. What would be the GENOTYPE of an individual who cannot roll his or her tongue?
rr (any two lower case letters)
200
A cross between a homozygous white rabbit and a homozygous black rabbit produces a heterozygous rabbit that is both black and white. What type of inheritance is this?
codominance
200
What is the process that creates gametes?
meiosis
200
How many nitrogen bases make up a codon?
three
300
What term describes the allele, or letter, combination an organism has for a trait?
genotype
300
What sequences of nitrogen bases is complementary to the following DNA sequence: C T G A C
G A C T G
300
Since your skin color is partially inherited but can be influenced by sun exposure, it is considered to be what kind of trait?
environmentally influenced
300
Each gamete contains what portion of the total number of chromosomes of an organism?
half
300
According to the chromosome theory of inheritance, genes are carried from parents to their offspring on what?
chromosomes
400
What is any change in a gene or chromosome?
mutation
400
In humans, having detached earlobes is dominant over having attached earlobes. If two heterozygous (Dd) individuals marry, what percent of their children would be expected to have ATTACHED earlobes?
25%
400
Since your blood type is completely determined by your genes, it is considered to be what type of trait?
inherited
400
When two gametes come together to create a new organism, what is the first cell called?
zygote
400
What type of trait only shows if two copies of the same allele are present in an individual?
recessive
500
An organism with two dominant alleles for a trait is said to be what for that trait?
homozygous
500
In a certain breed of rabbit, black fur is dominant over white fur. If a homozygous black rabbit (BB) mates with a homozygous white rabbit (bb), what percent of the offspring will be WHITE?
0%
500
Homozygous red flowers crossed with homozygous white flowers produce heterozygous pink flowers. What type of inheritance is this?
incomplete dominance
500
During which stages of meiosis does crossing over occur?