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Vocabulary
Mendel's Principles
Punnett squares
100

having 2 of the same alleles AA or aa

homozygous

100

What plants did Mendel use? Why?

Pea plants (Pisum Sativum)

Fast growing, multiple offspring, short generations, simple traits

100
Brown (B) is dominant fur over silver-blue fur (b) in minks. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with a silver-blue mink, and 10 offspring are produced, how many will be expected to be silver-blue? Why?
0 because in order to be silver-blue, two b alleles have to be inherited.
200

factor passed from parent to offspring

gene

200

alleles separate during meiosis, offspring will inherit one allele for each trait from each parent

Law of segregation

200
A heterozygous tall plant is allowed to self-pollinate. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring? What percent are expected to be tall? What percent are expected to be short?
The genotypes of the offspring are TT, Tt, tt. 75% tall 25% short
300

having two different alleles (Aa or Cc)

heterozygous

300

genes on different chromosomes will most likely be randomly distributed during meiosis

Law of independent assortment

300
What are the allele combinations of the gametes produced by an individual with a genotype, AaBb?
AB Ab aB ab
400

the actual genes of an organism such as PP, Pp, or pp

genotype

400

Purple (P) white (p) A pure-breeding purple is cross-pollinated with a pure-breeding white? A. What phenotype will the offsprings have? B. What genotype will the offsprings have?

A. purple B. Pp

400
What are the genes contained in the gametes of an heterozygous individual producing purple flowers?
P or p
500

the outward expression of the genes such as purple or white flowers

phenotype

500

In mice, white (W) is dominant over brown (w), how can 2 white mice produce a brown mouse? What are the genotypes of each parent? What is the genotype of the brown offspring?

Each white mouse is heterozygous (Ww). Ww x Wx The genotype of the brown offspring is ww.

500
How many squares would the Punnett square contain for a cross between AaBb x AaBb? What fraction will be aabb?
16 squares 1/16