Medications
5 Classes of psychotropic drugs
What are antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics, and mood stabilizers?
What are 3 levels of depression
Mild, moderate, severe
How many people suffer from mental health disease
1 in 5
20%
Which electrolyte level should the nurse check before administering lithium medication?
Sodium
Delinquency, running away from home, vandalism, and dropping out of school are characteristic of ______.This maladaptive coping pattern is manifested by a disregard for societal norms of behavior and an inability to relate meaningfully to others. It is a deeply ingrained and rigid dysfunctional thought process that focuses on social irresponsibility with exploitive, delinquent, and criminal behavior with no remorse.
Antisocial personality disorder
What herbal medication for depression, widely used in Europe, is now being prescribed in the United States?
St Johns Wort
Know reactions:stomach upset, hives or other skin rashes, fatigue, restlessness, headache, dry mouth, and feelings of dizziness or mental confusion. St. John's wort can also make the skin overly sensitive to sunlight, called photodermatitis.
anhedonia
What is lack of pleasure?
How many ER visits are mental health driven?
Mental illness and substance use disorders are involved in 1 out of every 8 emergency department visits by a U.S. adult (estimated 12 million visits)
A Patient with depression is started on imipramine (Tofranil), 75 mg by mouth at bedtime. The nurse should tell the client that:
Sedation is a common early adverse effect of imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, and usually decreases as tolerance develops. Since imipramine acts on various receptors in the body, it presents with adverse effects on some organs and systems. In the central and autonomic nervous system, the antihistaminic effects of imipramine can lead to dizziness, sedation, confusion, delirium, seizures, increased appetite, and weight gain.
________ disorder is characterized by a preoccupation with impulses and thoughts that the client realizes are senseless but can’t control. It is often a disabling condition consisting of bothersome intrusive thoughts that elicit a feeling of discomfort. To reduce the anxiety and distress associated with these thoughts, the patient may employ compulsions or rituals. These rituals may be personal and private, or they may involve others to participate; the rituals are to compensate for the ego-dystonic feelings of the obsessional thoughts and can cause a significant decline in function.
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Which of the following medications would you as a nurse most likely administer to reduce the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) and other tranquilizers help reduce the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Chlordiazepoxide is a long-acting benzodiazepine and is an FDA approved medication for adults with mild-moderate to severe anxiety disorder, preoperative apprehension and anxiety, and withdrawal symptoms of acute alcohol use disorder. Chlordiazepoxide has anti-anxiety, sedative, appetite-stimulating, and weak analgesic actions.
symptoms of depression: SIGE CAPS
Sleep, Interest, Guilt, Energy, Concentration, and Appetite, Psychomotor, and Suicidal ideation.
2nd leading cause of death among people aged 10-14 and the 3rd leading cause of death among those aged 15-24 in the U.S
Suicide
Abnormal movements and involuntary movements of the mouth, tongue, and face.
Tardive dyskinesia
________is marked by a pattern of self-involvement, grandiosity, and demand for constant attention. It is a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–5). The disorder is classified in the dimensional model of “Personality Disorders.”NPD is highly comorbid with other disorders in mental health.
Narcissistic personality disorder
Names of common SSRI Generic/Trade
What is SSRIs: citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil, Pexeva), sertraline (Zoloft) and vilazodone (Viibryd).
A Patient high risk for suicide needs close supervision. To best ensure the client’s safety, the nurse should:
Checking the client frequently but at irregular intervals prevents the client from predicting when observation will take place and altering behavior in a misleading way at these times. Once the patient is deemed to be at risk for suicide, then intervention steps must be initiated right away. The individual must not be left alone. Enlist the help of a support person while at home. The suicidal individual must be treated in a safe and secure place. In addition, the place has to be monitored.
Approximate number of people with serious mental illness are booked into jails each year.
2 million
Side effects of SSRI, name a few.
Bonus: how long for a person to start taking SSRI before intended effect: 4-6 weeks
In that timeframe observe for increase suicidal ideations from client.
________ personality disorder the client exhibits mood instability, poor self-image, identity disturbance, and labile affect. It is characterized by hypersensitivity to rejection and resulting instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, affect, and behavior.
Borderline personality disorder
Tylenol overdose treatment
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
IV form
Non pharmacological measures for treatment of depression
cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), supportive therapies such as counselling within primary care, mindfulness-based therapy, behavioral activation and self-help strategies.
NAMI
Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate if a male client develops orthostatic hypotension while taking amitriptyline?
Advising the client to sit up for 1 minute before getting out of bed, due to orthostatic hypotension.
Bonus: what class of medications is this?
TCA, for major depression
Delusions. These are false beliefs that are not based in reality.
Hallucinations. These usually involve seeing or hearing things that don't exist.
Disorganized thinking (speech). Disorganized thinking is inferred from disorganized speech. ...
Extremely disorganized or abnormal motor behavior.
Negative symptoms.
What is Schizophrenia?