Neurons and Neurotransmitters
These two types of neuroimaging is used to provide evidence of metabolic changes in unmedicated indivuduals with mental disorders and can localize brain regions associated with different functions.
What is Positron-emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
This neurotransmitter is decreased in depression, increased in anxiety, and increased in stimulant drug usage.
What is norepinephrine?
This neurotransmitter is increased in depression, decreased in Alzheimer disease, Huntington chorea, and Parkinson disease, and is increased by use of nicotine.
This person's work focused on interpersonal relations, using the interpersonal environment as a therapeutic tool for healing and in reduction of anxiety. Major concepts include 1) purpose of nursing is to help others identify their issues/needs and 2) the relationship develops in three phases: orientation, working, and termination.
Who is Hildegard Peplau?
This theorist believe that identity continues to develop through old age, and inability to achieve at one stage can be rectified at another stage or may continue to dominate behavior in the form of arrested development.
Who is Erikson?
This type of neuroimaging can map effects of psychotropic medications and demonstrate cognitive function.
What is functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?
What is serotonin?
The structure of personality thought of as being a moral component, learned, and conscious level.
What is superego?
These are the needs determined by Maslow, from base level to highest.
These two theorists believed that behavior is learned so it can be unlearned, and are the foundation of many counseling and behavior management interventions.
Who are Pavlov (classical conditioning) and Skinner (operant conditioning)?
The ability of neurons to initiate signals and conduct an electrical impulse from one end of the cell to the other.
What is neurotransmission?
High levels of this neurotransmitter are associated with anxiety and depression, and OTC versions are used to reduce mild anxiety.
What is histamine?
This defense mechanism is defined by positive or negative feelings and thought that the clients have toward the sevice provider, which may hamper or move forward the process of therapy.
What is transference?
The basic premises of this theorist is that 1) people have innate self-actualizing tendencies, 2) there is an emphasis on self-awareness and on the present, and 3) therapists need to have congruence, empathy, and respect.
Who is Carl Rogers?
The ABC's of a Functional Behavioral Analysis performed by a nurse.
What are Antecedent (What happens before?), Behavior (What is the behavior?), and Consequence (What happens after?)?
Type of transmission that occurs in schizophrenia that causes increased receptor responsiveness.
This neurotransmitter is decreased in anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, mania, and Huntington chorea; increased levels can reduce symptoms of anxiety, schizophrenia, and mania; impacted by sedatives, tranquilizers, and alcohol.
What is GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid)?
This defense mechanism is defined as feelings and thought that service providers have toward the client, which can be destructive or disruptive to therapy.
What is countertransference?
This structure of personality is thought of as the controller of pleasure principle, reflex action, and instincts.
What is Id?
This theorist believed that experience elicits emotional responses naturally.
Who is Pavlov?
This neurotransmitter is decreased in Parkinson disease and depression, increased in schizophrenia and mania, and is increased by stimulant drug use.
What is dopamine?
This neurotransmitter is the major mediator of excitatory signals in the CNS and is involved in most aspects of normal brain function, including cognition, memory, and learning. It is also decreased by use of ketamine and alcohol.
What is glutamate?
These develop in response to anxiety, operate on an unconscious and conscious level, and help to deny, falsify, or distort reality to make it less threatening so that an individual can survive trauma and abuse to be able to function.
What are defense mechanisms?
This structure of personality is thought of as the problem solver and reality tester.
What is Ego?
What is Classical Conditioning?