Schizo-Spectrum
Assessment findings of psychotic disorders to include:
hallucinations, delusions, alterations in speech, bizarre behavior
What are positive symptoms?
SSRIs
SNRIs
TCAs
MAOIs
What are antidepressants?
A serious mood disorder characterized by persistent and intense feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities.
Activity highly encouraged during inpatient treatment, for the patient to have an opportunity to discuss and address psychological concerns with a trained therapist.
What is Group Therapy?
The use of manipulating eating behaviors in an effort to control weight.
What are Eating Disorders?
(Anorexia, bulimia, binge eating)
Therapeutic action: decision making, reward-seeking, thinking, fine muscle movements
Excess can cause: Disorganized thoughts, loose associations
Deficit can cause: Poor impulse control, Parkinson's
What is dopamine?
Disruptions in thinking, perception, and behavior; making it difficult to distinguish between what is real and what is not.
What is psychosis?
Benzodiazepines
Antihistamines
Beta blockers
Buspar
What are anxiolytics?
What is Bipolar II disorder?
Interviewing for: SI, HI, anxiety, depression, mood swings, racing thoughts, auditory/visual hallucinations, sleep, medication compliance, hygiene, etc.
What is a Nursing Assessment?
Neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impulsivity, inattention, hyperactivity; which can interfere with school, work, daily functioning and relationships.
What is ADHD?
Therapeutic action: Regulates temperature, sleep cycle, sexual activity, and pain perception
Excess can cause: sedation
Deficit can cause: irritability, hostility, depression
What is serotonin?
Recognizing cluster of symptoms:
Lack of motivation, lack of interest, lack of energy, isolation, absence of speech, lack of emotions.
What are negative symptoms?
Levels > 1.2 mEq/L of this medication will result in toxicity.
What is Lithium?
Characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior. Often feel uncomfortable when they are not the center of attention and may use dramatic, seductive, or theatrical behavior to draw attention to themselves.
What is Histrionic Personality Disorder?
Recognizing involuntary movements of the tongue and face, such as lip smacking. Involuntary movements of the arms, legs, and trunk.
What is Tardive Dyskinesia?
Key features of this disorder include: obsessions of contamination/order/symmetry/etc.
compulsions of: cleaning/washing/arranging/checking/counting
What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
Therapeutic action: Ability to focus attention, learn and increase memory
Excess can cause: anxiety, paranoia, loss of appetite
Deficit can cause: low energy, memory loss
What is norepinephrine?
Disorder in which a patient has a combination of psychotic symptoms, cognitive impairments, emotional difficulties, disrupting the ability to perceive reality accurately. Manifests with positive and negative symptoms.
What is Schizophrenia?
Drug classification used as a mood stabilizer that can decrease efficacy of birth control
What are anticonvulsants?
(Carbamazepine, Valproic acid, Lamotrigine)
Personality disorder with a patient detaching from social relationships and having a limited range of emotional expression. Preferring solitary activities, and appearing emotionally cold or indifferent to others.
What is Schizoid Personality Disorder?
Recognizing S/S starting 2-72 hours after starting antidepressant treatment:
confusion, agitation, poor concentration, hostility, disorientation, hallucinations, delirium, seizures, tachycardia, diaphoresis, n/v/d
What is Serotonin Syndrome?
A severe form of PMS with significant mood swings, irritability, anger, depression, and can be disruptive.
What is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder? (PMDD)
Therapeutic action: Reduces excitation, anxiety, and aggression
Excess can cause: anticonvulsant effects, sedation
Deficit can cause: seizures, irritability
What is GABA?
(Inhibitory neurotransmitter)
Rare disorder that involves persistent, non-bizarre delusions for at least one month without hallucinations or disorganized behavior seen in schizophrenia.
What is Delusional Disorder?
Risperidone, Quetiapine,
Lurasidone, Ziprasidone
Olanzapine, Paliperidone
What are second-generation antipsychotics?
Sort the personality disorders according to cluster:
1. Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
2. Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
3. Avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive
What are personality disorder clusters?
1. Cluster B
2. Cluster A
3. Cluster C
Used to assess for involuntary movements in patients taking antipsychotic medications
What is the AIMS scale?
Behavioral condition that is diagnosed in childhood and adolescence by angry, irritable moods, argumentative or defiant behavior and vindictiveness.
What is ODD?
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
What are catecholamines?
Meets criteria for schizophrenia, (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/behavior, negative symptoms) AND combines a major mood episode present (depressive or manic)
What is Schizoaffective Disorder?
Requires monitoring of absolute neutrophil count due to the risk of agranulocytosis.
What is clozapine?
Chronic mood disorder that is characterized by frequent, fluctuating periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms that do not meet full criteria for Bipolar I or Bipolar II disorder.
What is Cyclothymic Disorder?
Recognizing S/S: muscle rigidity, sudden high fever, BP fluctuations, diaphoresis, tachycardia, decreased LOC
What is Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
Disorder where a patient reports falsification of physical or psychological manifestations to gain fulfillment of an emotional need for attention. Can be imposed by self or on another.
What is Factitious Disorder?
Plays inhibitory and excitatory effects. Has crucial role in muscle contraction:
Contracts smooth muscle (excitatory)
Slows heart rate down (inhibitory)
What is acetylcholine?