Primitive Society
What was seen as the cause of mental illness?
Evil spirits
What did Hippocrates believe?
He believed that nature was a strong healer and proper diet, exercise, and hygiene coused get rid of mental illness
What was The Age of Faith?
It was when priests were caregivers for the sick
What did Europe do with insane people?
Who was Clifford Beers?
After 3 years as a mental patient for attempting suicide he wrote a book called A Mind That Found describing the cruelty of the asylums
How was mental illness treated in primitive societies?
By “removing“ evil spirits through exorcisms, bleeding, vomiting, etc.
What did Plato believe?
He believed mental illness was caused by an imbalance in the soul (head, heart, and abdomen)
What did they believe caused mental illness in Middle Ages?
Demon possession
Who wrote Anatomy of Melancholy from personal experience?
Robert Burton
What was a result of the book A Mind That Found?
It lead to the creation of the Committee from Mental Hygiene
They continued in society as normal
What is the Humoral theory?
The theory that mental illness was caused by imbalance of the 4 humors (water, earth, air, and fire)
Who believed disease was a punishment for sin?
Early Christians
What was a private madhouse?
During the 17th century people with mental illness were mainly treated privately making it more humane
What sparked a new interest in mental health?
The war
What happened to people with severe mental health issues?
They were left in the wild to fend for themselves
How did the Romans treat mental illness?
They didn’t take interest in learning about body and mind, they spent time making the patients comfortable
What law was passed in 1130?
Monks were forbidden from practicing medicine because it was seen as disruptive
What happened in new medieval asylums?
Extremely ill patients were chained to walls and were watche as entertainment
What did the Hill-Burton Act passed in 1937 do?
It gave funding to create psychiatric units throughout the U.S.
What is trepanation?
Cutting holes in the skull to heal headaches, epilepsy, and insanity
What places became sanctuaries for the sick?
Churches
Who was Thomas Willis?
He was a doctor that advocated for cruel medical practices like chains and hitting
Who was Dr. Benjamin Rush?
He wrote the first ever psychiatric text written in the United States, called Disease of the Mind, that said that mental illness was not caused by possession, but disease of the mind
What did the Comprehensive Mental Health bill in 1964 and the Medicare and Medicaid Acts in 1966 do?
It provided 500,000 patients with mental health insurance