What begins to develop in Western Europe, often headed by Absolute Monarchs?
Why are they now more powerful than feudal manors?
Nation-states
Kings are richer, the feudal system is broken, knights are no longer relevant
100
What institution begins to lose power and influence during the Reformation, and why?
What institution begins to lose power and influence during the Reformation...and why
Catholic Church because of worldly priests, papal indulgences, and priests buying positions. Lack of people in church means less money, less power, less influence
100
What economic policy encouraged colonial development to exploit raw materials
Mercantilism
Countries were to acquire wealth, such as gold and silver, and create manufacturing and export more goods than they import
100
TWhat was the global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the European colonization of the Americas called?
The Columbian Exchange
100
What was the names of the capitals of the Inca and the Aztecs. On what geographic features were they founded?
Cuzco - mountains
Tenochticlan - lake, present day Mexico City
200
What focuses on human potential and achievements through study of classical texts?
What does it replace as the center of peoples lives/what loses influence as it gains influence
Humanism
Catholic Church/religion
200
What did Martin Luther nail to the door of the Wittenburg Cathedral? Why was it important? What did it lead to?
95 theses
It questioned the authority and practices of the Catholic Church
Catholic Church told Luther to recant or be excomunicated
200
Why do European explorers need a sea route to get to India
land route controlled by Italians and Turks
200
What does the influx of large amounts of gold and silver in Spain do the economy? (the word starts with "in"_)
Why does Spain go broke, even with all of the gold coming in from the Americas
Inflation
Spain does not develop a middle class, factories, practice mercantilism, etc.
200
What decimated the Native American Population, who did the Europeans bring to replace the native Americans working on plantations, mines, etc
disease
slaves from Africa
300
What invention spreads new ideas at a much faster pace than before?
What is the Catholic Churches response to it?
Printing Press
Wants them destroyed
300
What is the name of the German Monk who leads the Protestant Reformation
Was his intent to split the Catholic Church in half?
Martin Luther
No, he was protesting to reform it
300
What are the names of 3 explorers and their accomplishments
DaGama finds sea route around Africa to India
Columbus discovers Americas
Magellan circumnavigates the world
Prince Henry builds school for navigation, ship building, sailors, etc.
300
What are examples of the animals that come from Europe to the Americas through the Colombian Exchange?
horses, cattle, pigs, and sheep
300
What Native American Empire had over 10,000 miles of roads, and why did they have to practice terrace farming
Inca
Because they were in the Andes Mountains
400
What class starts through trade and banking, and why do kings like this new class?
Merchants Class
400
What king makes the church of England Protestant, Puts himself in charge, and what is the church called? What does he gain from doing this?
Henry VIII
Anglican Church
Power, land, wealth, control
400
What are at least two reasons that during the age of exploration that ships could sail so much further than before?
magnetic compass, triangular sails, cannons, sextant, astrolabe, maps
400
What were some of the negative aspects of the Colombian Exchange?
slave trade from Africa
diseases from Europe that decimate native American population
400
What were the three major Empires of the Americas, in what present day countries were they located?
Inca -Peru
Maya - Guatemala
Aztecs - Mexico
500
What were the causes and effects of the Renaissance
The Crusades
Explorations
reawakening of Greco-Roman knowledge, exploration, humanism
500
What is vernacular, and why was Bibles being printed in vernacular language instead of latin so opposed by the Catholic Church during the Reformation?
The local language. It allowed people who didn't know latin to now read the Bible, interpret for themselves, and make their own interpretations
500
How did the crusades and the Renaissance lead to the age of Exploration?
Crusades created the desire for goods, inventions and learning from India and other parts of the world
500
What are two goods that traveled from Europe to the Americas, and two goods that traveled from the Americas to Europe?