Geography and origins
What does “Mesopotamia” mean?
“country between 2 rivers.”
What was the fundamental economic activity in Mesopotamia?
Agriculture.
who is Anu?
God of the sky and father of the gods. He represented supreme authority
What principle is Hammurabi’s Code famous for?
Hammurabi’s Code is most famous for the principle of retributive justice, commonly known as "an eye for an eye"
What does Enuma Elish mean?
"When on hight"
From which words does Mesopotamia cames from?
“The word Mesopotamia comes from the Greek words meso, meaning ‘middle,’ and potamos, meaning ‘river.’”
Meaning " country between 2 rivers"
How did Mesopotamians believe order was maintained in the world?
Funeral rituals
civil dutie
prayers
who is Enlil?
God of wind, air, and storms. He controlled destinies and was very powerful.
What was the main purpose of the Code of Hammurabi?
To establish laws and maintain order in society.
Who were Apsu and Tiamat?
Apsu and Tiamat are the primordial, divine progenitors in the Babylonian creation epic Enuma Elish, representing the union of fresh and salt water.
Where was Mesopotamia located geographically?
Between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (modern Iran, syria,kuwait and Turkey
Name some of the major inventions developed by Mesopotamian civilizations.
-The wheel-
-Cuneiform writing
-Hammurabi code
-Division of the time in 24 hours day, 1 hour 60 minutes and 1 minute 60 seconds
-Sail
-Domestication of animals
who is Ishtar (Inanna) ?
Goddess of love, war, and fertility. One of the most important and complex deities.
How were punishments determined in Hammurabi’s Code?
Based on the principle of equal retaliation and social class.
What explains the Enuma Elish
detailing the birth of the gods and the rise of Marduk as the supreme deity
The Arabs called Mesopotamia by this name.:
Al-Jazirah:That means the island
Approximately how many deities existed in the Mesopotamian pantheon?
Over 2000
who is Shamash?
god of the sun, justice and law
Approximately how many laws are included in Hammurabi’s Code?
About 282 laws.
From whose blood were humans created in Mesopotamian Enuma Elish?
quingu/Kingu
Why is Mesopotamia called the “Cradle of Civilization”?
Because it developed early cities, writing, and government.
What shared elements connected Mesopotamian cultures?
Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians for example were connected by
Shared Religious Beliefs and Pantheons
Cuneiform Script and Literature
Legal Codes and Administrative
Economic Systems and Trade
who is Ninhursag (Ki)?
mother goddess, goddess of the earth and fertility
In which language is the Enuma Elish written?
Akkadian language.