Sumer
What civilization first developed in Mesopotamia...
The Sumerians
What city was the capital of the Babylonian Empire...
Babylon
Akkadian Empire
Who was the King of the Akkadians?
Sargon
What does the term Mesopotamia mean?
Land between two rivers (Tigris & Euphrates)
The Sumerians built pyramid shaped temples called _________. They believed in _________ (religious belief).
ziggurats, multiple gods (polytheism)
Hammurabi had artisans carve ________ on a stone pillar.
282 laws
What year did the Assyrian Empire form?
700 BCE
What material did scribes use for writing?
wet clay tablets
Define empire.
A group of countries or regions that are controlled by one ruler or one government
Why did the Sumerians settle in Mesopotamia? What did they use to build their homes?
The Sumerians settled in the fertile crescent because the rivers provided rich silt for farming. They built their homes using mud bricks.
Which of the following is TRUE...
Hammurabi's code..
a. treated all people equally
b. was only for wealthy citizens
c. it eliminated punishment
d. was carved on a stone pillar
Hammurabi's code was carved on a stone pillar
What empire was the first to use calvary?
What does Calvary mean?
The Assyrians, soldiers on horseback
record keeping, teaching and law
What unique military unit did Persians develop...
(hint: anyone who was killed was immediately replaced)
The Immortals
List 4 items the Sumerians invented...
-unique writing called cuneiform
- number 60 base system
- sundial
-pottery wheel
-wheeled vehicles
Where was Babylon located?
On the Euphrates River
Where is Hammurabi's 7.5 foot basalt stele (Pillar) today?
The Louvre Museum in Paris, France
What Persian king took over Babylon? What type of policy did he pursue?
Cyrus the Great, he pursued a policy of tolerance & diplomacy
What is the difference between criminal and civil law? Give an example of what each law deals with...
Criminal - offenses against others (ex. murder, abuse, theft, etc.)
Civil - contracts between individuals (ex. marriage, business contracts, taxes, etc.)
What three social classes lived in Sumer's society? Explain each class.
2. Commoners - farmers, merchants, fishers, etc
3. Slaves - worked on large building projects, wove cloth & worked on farms
Explain the myth/parable of the Tower of Babel (Babylonian ziggurat) written in the Bible.
Describes humans attempting to build a tower to reach heaven and God destroyed the tower and confused their language so they could not construct it again. Everyone spoke a different language.
Name ONE law in Hammurabi's Code
Ex. an eye for an eye
What did the Persian Empire accomplish? (at least 3)
- set up a common set of weights & measurements
- use of coins
- built hundred of miles of roads
- strong army (the Immortals)
Define satraps.
Governors in the Persian empire