The Sumerians
Mesopotamia relied on these two rivers.
What are the Tigris and the Euphrates?
Mesopotamia means this.
What is 'The Land Between Rivers'?
These farming tools greatly increased crop production because they cut into the soil and allowed seeds to be buried.
What are ploughs?
Shaped like a quarter moon, this was an area of rich farmland that allowed civilizations in the Middle East to flourish.
What is the Fertile Crescent?
This is the name for Egyptian pictorial writing.
What are hieroglyphs?
Sumerians lived in these, which were independently-governed and had power over their surrounding areas.
What are city-states?
What is the marshy area of the Nile called that helped keep out invaders and empties into the sea?
What is a delta (Nile delta)?
Sumerian built pyramid-like temples called this.
What are ziggurats?
This ancient legal text is one of the earliest legal codes and is both fair and harsh on those who broke the law.
What is the Code of Hammurabi?
The leader of Egyptian society was called this.
What is a pharaoh?
Because not everyone needed to farm anymore, people could do this, which meant to focus on a different skill or occupation.
What is 'specialize'?
The Nile River emptied in to which much larger body of water?
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
The first pyramid was not smooth-sided, but rather had six levels and was built here.
Where is Saqqara?
He is credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt, though whether he did it through an actual battle has been debated.
Who is Narmer?
The largest city-state in Sumer was called this.
What is Uruk?
This incredibly useful and versatile plant grew along the banks of the Nile River.
What is papyrus?
The first and largest of the great pyramids of Giza was built for this pharaoh.
Who as Khufu?
After the discovery and deciphering of this, Egyptian hieroglyphics were unlocked for translation.
What is the Rosetta Stone?
This is the name of the pharaoh who began ruling as a child but eventually expanded Egypt's territory as far north as Lebanon. At the start of his reign, his stepmother Hatshepsut was in charge,
Who was Thutmose III?
This group of people were at the bottom of the social hierarchy in Sumer.
Who were slaves?
The Nile River has a series of these, which are large, steep waterfalls that make travelling on the river extremely difficult and provided protection from enemy attacks.
What are cataracts?
The Hyksos invaded Egypt and ruled them for over one hundred years by attacking them with this wheeled technology that the Egyptians had never seen before.
What are war chariots?
These are the names of THREE countries on your map of the Fertile Crescent.
What are Iraq/Iran/Syria/Jordan/Palestine (Israel)/Lebanon/Turkey/Kuwait?
Some Egyptologists believe the three great pyramids have small shafts aligned with this astronomical constellation, while others believe they are simply vents to let in air.
What is Orion?