A large territory or group of many territories governed by one ruler
What is an empire?
100
king who created the Babylonian Empire by conquering the Amorites; introduced the first written code of laws
Who is Hammurabi?
100
The reason that Sumerian city-states developed independently
What is the harsh landscape which kept the cities largely cut-off/isolated from each other?
100
THREE differences between Hammurabi's Code and other codes of law that had come before it
What is Hammurabi's Code was written; Hammurabi's Code was stricter; AND Hammurabi's Code assigned a punishment for each crime?
100
These two rivers made civilization in the region of Mesopotamia possible
What are the Tigris River and the Euphrates River?
200
A system that supplies dry land with water through ditches, pipes, or streams
What is irrigation?
200
Mesopotamian god who defeated the evil goddess, Tiamat, and created the land and the rivers from her body
Who is Marduk?
200
TRUE OR FALSE: Most Sumerians learned to read and write cuneiform?
What is FALSE.
200
TRUE OR FALSE: Assyrian kings divided their empires into provinces to make governing such a large area more manageable?
What is TRUE.
200
ways that Mesopotamian farmers "controlled" the seasonal floods
What is by building dams, digging canals, and developing methods of irrigation?
300
A territory governed as a political district of a country or empire
What is a province?
300
people who lived in the southern region of Mesopotamia
Who are the Sumerians?
300
The way that Sumerians honored the god/goddess they had chosen to be the protector of their city-state
What is dedicating the ziggurat at the center of the city to the god/goddess?
300
the empire that defeated the Assyrians in 650 B.C.
What is the Chaldean Empire? (aka. The New Babylonian Empire)
300
the small particles of soil, carried by floodwaters, that proved very useful for farming
What is silt?
400
a curving strip of good farmland that extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf
What is the Fertile Crescent?
400
ruler of Akkad who formed the world's first empire
Who is Sargon I?
400
inventions or technologies in the following listing that are attributed to the Sumerians: the sailboat, the wheel, aqueducts, bronze, the Gregorian calendar
What are the sailboat, the wheel, and bronze?
400
THREE improvements made by King Nebuchadnezzar to the city of Babylon during his reign
What is building a huge brick wall around the city; overseeing the construction of a huge ziggurat and grand palace in the center of the city; AND overseeing the construction of many new canals, to make the land even more fertile?
400
the world's oldest known story
What is The Epic of Gilgamesh?
500
belief in more than one god
What is polytheism?
500
Chaldean king who oversaw the revitalization of the city of Babylon in the years immediately following the Chaldean defeat of the Assyrian empire
Who is Nebuchadnezzar?
500
the Sumerian social class that included artisans, fishers, farmers, and merchants
What is the middle class?
500
A reason why the Persian Empire easily defeated the Chaldeans
What is that after Nebuchadnezzar's death, a series of weak leaders followed who diminished the Chaldean Empire's strength and dominance
OR
What is that the empire endured poor harvests and slow trade in the years following Nebuchadnezzar's prosperous reign?
500
the significance of Ashurbanipal's Royal Library
What is that it was one of the world's first libraries; it held 25,000 tablets of stories and songs to the gods; and its remnants have taught historians much about ancient civilizations?