Agricultural Revolution
Before the agriculture revolution people would gather what is another word for gathering.
Foraging
What are the four features of ancient cities?
Social classes, specialized jobs, government, and trade.
What is a stylus?
a reed pen used to write cuneiform
What are the challenges of Sumerian geography?
Hot dry climate
unpredictable floods
no wood for building
no metal for weapons
What is a ziggurat?
A temple that is in the center of the city-state where people left offerings to cities patron god.
How long ago was the agricultural revolution
10,000 years ago
What did Sumer kings do?
led armies
organized buildings of ziggurats
organized buildings of irrigation canals
Sumerians invented _____ because they needed to reroute water to areas that did not regularly get water.
irrigation canals
What are the responses to a hot dry climate?
Dug irrigation canals from the Tigris to the Euphrates Rivers to the fields to water the wheat and barley
What is polytheism
It is the belief in many gods.
What happened in the agricultural revolution
They started farming , created specialized jobs, created a surplus of food, got a bigger population and made the first villages
Who were on the top of the social classes?
kings, soldiers, priests, and government officials
What are some of the main Sumerian inventions?
Wheel, sailboat, writing and irrigation canals
What are the responses to the challenge of unpredictable flooding?
They dug storage in lakes and ponds to hold flooded water for when needed . They Also built irrigation systems along with dams gates and canals.
What is a scribe?
A professional writer that very few people were in ancient Mesopotamia
What does revolution mean?
a big change
What did Sumerians export?
wheat, barley, wool, and woven cloth
What is cuneiform?
wedge shaped writing found in Mesopotamian cities
What are the responses for no wood for building?
They made clay bricks reinforced with straw. They baked them in the hot sun to make them strong.
What is a city-state?
A group of villages and farms that has its own king and system of government
The Agricultural Revolution is in what time period?
Neolithic Period
What did they import?
wood, stone , gems, and metals
What is the Standard of Ur?
a wooden box with stone mosaics
war and peace sides
it tells historians about sumerian leaders , crops, animals, clothing, war, And power
it is the most important artifact
What is the response for no metal for tools or weapons?
They imported copper, iron and other metals for grains and wool.
What is the Fertile Crescent?
An area of rich farmland in shape of a crescent moon from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. It is where the first farmers settled.