Food Breakdown and Digestion
This long tube in the digestive system is where most food molecules are broken down into smaller ones and absorbed into the blood.
What is the small intestine?
This is the main waste gas produced during the chemical reaction of cellular respiration.
What is carbon dioxide
Food molecules that are not immediately used for energy can be stored in the body as these molecules.
What is fat (or stored fat/large molecules)?
This organ is responsible for pumping blood, which carries food molecules and oxygen to all cells.
What is the heart?
Why are some molecules absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestine, but others (like starch or fiber) are not?
Small molecules (glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, water) can pass through the small intestine lining and be absorbed into the blood, while large molecules are too big to pass through.)
The process that uses chemical reactions to break down large food molecules (like starches and proteins) into smaller ones (like simple sugars and amino acids).
What is digestion?
A type of chemical reaction where stored energy is released from food molecules, often by reacting them with oxygen.
What is cellular respiration?
When the body builds new tissue (like muscle) or repairs damaged areas, this is the main process that requires the rearrangement of food molecules.
What is growth and repair?
M'Kenna's inability to concentrate and lack of energy are symptoms that point to problems in her body getting enough of this.
What is energy (or simple sugars/glucose)?
What happens to fiber that is not broken down?
It is too big to be absorbed and is excreted as solid waste.
These tiny, finger-like structures lining the small intestine increase the surface area for absorbing food molecules.
What are villi?
Besides energy, new molecules for growth and this substance are the other products of cellular respiration.
What is water
The body uses small molecules (like amino acids and simple sugars) as building blocks to construct larger, new molecules needed for cell structure and function.
What is rearrangement of matter?
A problem in one body system, like damage to the villi in the small intestine, can prevent the absorption of molecules needed by other body systems, showing this important concept.
What is system interaction?
Which organ(s) are primarily responsible for the chemical breakdown of complex carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
The stomach and small intestine.
This type of molecule, often found in foods like bread and potatoes, is a complex carbohydrate that is broken down into simpler sugars.
What are starches (or complex carbohydrates)?
When food is "burned" in the body, its atoms are rearranged but their total number and type remain the same, illustrating this fundamental law.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass
This type of large food molecule, broken down into amino acids, is essential for building and repairing tissues in the body.
What are proteins?
Damage to the villi in M'Kenna's small intestine reduces the total area available for absorbing food molecules.
What is surface area?
Which organ is primarily responsible for the absorption of small molecules into the blood?
The small intestine, particularly the villi.
This body system works with the digestive system to transport absorbed food molecules to cells all over the body.
What is the circulatory system?
In a chemical reaction, this term describes the transfer or transformation of energy, which in respiration is released from food molecules.
What is energy transformation or energy transfer?
These tiny units are where the chemical reactions of cellular respiration and the rearrangement of matter for growth and repair primarily take place.
What are cells?
This system, which includes the lungs, brings the oxygen required for cellular respiration into the body.
What is the respiratory system?
What three substances are the primary products (outputs) of cellular respiration
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy