Glycolysis
Name the products of glycolysis.
2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 ATP
Pyruvate is converted to _____, which enters the citric acid cycle.
Acetyl CoA
The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain in aerobic organisms.
Oxygen
The process of regenerating NADH after glycolysis and no oxygen.
the name of the process that breaks down molecules into simpler ones to release energy
catabolism
Which of the following would inhibit the rate of glycolysis?
Decreased/increased glucose/fructose/ATP/oxygen
Increased ATP
The location of the citric acid cycle in eukaryotes.
Matrix of mitochondria
The location of the electron transport chain in eukaryotes.
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Name the metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates.
Gluconeogenesis
the cycle that removes ammonium from the liver
Urea cycle
The location of glycolysis in eukaryotes.
Cytosol
Name the products of ONE turn of the citric acid cycle.
2 CO2, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 GTP
Name the enzyme that allows H+ to pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, generating ATP.
ATP synthase
Name the process by which the body stores energy as carbohydrates.
Glycogenesis
The primary location of gluconeogenesis.
Liver
The hormone required for glucose to enter the cell.
Insulin
The carbon skeleton of an amino acid can enter the citric acid cycle after it’s been _____.
Deaminated
The term that describes the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane down their electrochemical gradient.
Chemiosmosis
What vitamin forms NAD?
What vitamin forms FAD?
What vitamin forms Coenzyme A?
NAD = B3/Niacin
FAD = B2/Riboflavin
Coenzyme A = B5/Pantothenic Acid
calories per gram in carbohydrates, proteins and fats
4 cal/gram for carbs and proteins
9 cal/gram for fats
The modification that’s done to glucose once it’s entered the cell, effectively trapping it.
Phosphorylation
how much ATP, NADH, and FADH2 does 1 glucose molecule make?
6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
Cytochrome C oxidase
The purpose of the lactic acid pathway of anaerobic glycolysis.
Regenerate NAD+
the process of breaking down lipids for energy
beta oxidation