Vocabulary
This term refers to the overall chemical reactions in the body that break down and build up molecules to sustain life.
Metabolism
This body system is responsible for bringing oxygen gas into the body and releasing carbon dioxide waste.
Respiratory System
The two essential chemical inputs that body cells need to perform cellular respiration.
Glucose and Oxygen
Why your heart rate and breathing rate increase together during intense exercise.
delivering glucose and oxygen faster to muscle cells for cellular respiration
True or False: Starch molecules can diffuse directly through cell membranes without being digested first.
False (starch must first be broken down into smaller glucose molecules)
Complex carbohydrates found in food that must be broken down into smaller glucose molecules before entering the blood.
Starch
This body system breaks down food into small molecules like glucose that your cells can use.
Digestive System
Cell organelle often called the "powerhouse of the cell" where cellular respiration occurs.
Mitochondria
A patient has normal oxygen levels in their blood, but feels constantly sluggish and tired. This body system is most likely malfunctioning.
Digestive system
Besides energy and carbon dioxide, this chemical compound is also produced as a byproduct during cellular respiration.
Water H20
The general term for a group of interacting organs or parts that work together to accomplish a complex task.
System
This body system acts as the highway network, pumping blood vessels to deliver nutrients and gases directly to body cells.
Circulatory System
The primary gas waste product produced by cells during cellular respiration that must be exhaled by the lungs.
Carbon Dioxide
An athlete eats a bowl of pasta (high in starch) before a marathon. Explain how this pasta eventually powers their leg muscles.
starch breaks down into glucose in the digestive system, enters the blood, and reacts with inhaled oxygen in leg muscle cells
Why can a person survive for weeks without eating food, but only a few minutes without breathing oxygen?
the body can temporarily break down stored fats/glycogen into glucose, but it cannot store oxygen gas, which cells need continuously for cellular respiration
These food breakdown products are primarily used by body cells to build and repair cell structures.
Amino Acids
Explain how the digestive system and circulatory system work together after you eat a meal.
the digestive system breaks down food into glucose, and the circulatory system absorbs it and carries it through blood to body cells
Write or state the complete chemical word equation for cellular respiration.
Glucose + Oxygen= Energy (ATP) + Carbon Dioxide + Water
If medical tests show a patient has reduced blood flow due to a heart condition, explain the direct effect on their cell metabolism.
cells receive fewer glucose and oxygen molecules, resulting in lower energy production and extreme fatigue
If a person's lungs are damaged and cannot exchange gases efficiently, which reactant will their cells lack first?
Oxygen
In a chemical reaction, starting inputs like glucose and oxygen are called this term, while substances formed at the end are called products.
Reactants
Name the three main body systems that must work together so your muscle cells can release energy to run.
Digestive system, respiratory system, and circulatory system
This condition occurs when glucose molecules cannot enter cells from the blood, causing a drop in cellular respiration rates.
Diabetes
what happens to carbon dioxide levels in the blood leaving a muscle cell during heavy exercise compared to resting conditions.
carbon dioxide levels increase because muscle cells perform cellular respiration at a much faster rate
Explain why eating a meal high in protein does not directly supply immediate energy for cellular respiration, unlike carbohydrates.
proteins break down into amino acids, which are used to build and repair cell structures rather than acting as the primary fuel source (glucose)