Body Systems & Molecules
What three primary body systems work together to get food and air molecules into your cells?
What are the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems?
What two molecules must combine in a cell to release energy for cellular work and exercise?
What are glucose and oxygen?
Does asthma affect a person's exercise performance?
What is yes, because reduced oxygen intake limits cellular energy release.
Which location has lower oxygen levels: low altitude (below sea level) or high altitude (above sea level)?
What is high altitude?
What system breaks down large food molecules like starch into smaller molecules like glucose?
What is digestion?
Autumn eats a peanut butter sandwich before her nightly run. Her breathing is elevated during the run. What molecules enter her body systems from this meal and during her run?
What are glucose (from the starch in the bread), amino acids (from the protein in the peanut butter), and oxygen (from the air)?
True of False?
The human body cells ONLY function properly when they receive molecules from both food and air?
A diabetic's blood sugar is low, is it a good idea for this person to go on a run?
What is no because low glucose will limit the cell's ability to release energy?
Who has access to more oxygen? A mountain climber at sea level or a mountain climber at a high altitude?
What is the mountain climber at sea level?
Once glucose and oxygen enter a cell, what chemical process releases energy?
What is cellular respiration?
How do food molecules from the digestive system and oxygen molecules from the respiratory system reach individual body cells?
What is by being absorbed into the blood and transported through the circulatory system?
A cell has Normal oxygen levels, normal glucose levels, no protein and no starch, will this person be able to exercise?
What is yes because cells use glucose and oxygen for energy and do not need starch inside the cells. Protein is only in the cells as a result of amino acids building back up after cellular respiration has taken place.
A person eats a lot of starch and has low glucose levels; would the low glucose levels explain why this person is always tired?
What is yes, because low glucose in cells prevents adequate cellular energy production despite having sufficient oxygen?
If a mountain climber at high altitude eats starch and protein, why would they still fatigue faster than a mountain climber at sea level?
What is, because lower oxygen limits energy production regardless of food intake?
What two body systems should be tested if oxygen and glucose are not reaching the cells?
What are the respiratory and digestive systems?
Why would a person with a digestive system disorder find it hard to exercise?
What is because their body cannot break down enough food into glucose to provide energy for exercise?
If a runner eats a running gel that consists almost entirely of glucose, what will happen to their ability to exercise?
What is it will increase because glucose is directly available for cellular energy production?
A person with an upper respiratory infections is eating a lot of healthy food, can they exercise normally?
What is no because healthy food alone cannot provide energy; there needs to be adequate oxygen supply from the respiratory system?
What large molecule found in foods like rice and bread must be broken down into glucose before entering cells?
What is starch?
In addition to the digestive and respiratory systems, which transport system should be checked if glucose and oxygen are not reaching cells?
What is the circulatory system?
Glenda's respiratory system is not working properly. Why does this directly impact her ability to exercise?
What is because her cells cannot get enough oxygen, which is required to react with glucose to produce energy?
Why does having low levels of either oxygen or glucose in cells make exercise difficult?
Astronauts are expected to exercise in zero gravity. What two molecules are needed for the astronauts to perform their best and what body systems should their doctors test?
What is glucose and oxygen and the digestive and respiratory systems?
What large molecule found in peanut butter and meat must be broken down into amino acids for body tissue growth and repair?
What is protein?
Explain the step-by-step pathway a starch molecule takes from a sandwich to become usable energy in a muscle cell.
What is:
1. Starch is digested and broken down to glucose in the digestive system
2. Glucose is absorbed into the circulatory system
3. Blood delivers glucose to the muscle cells
4. Glucose reacts with oxygen during cellular respiration to release energy?