New minerals that grow under metamorphic temperatures and pressures.
What are metamorphic minerals?
100
When minerals are exposed to high temperatures and pressure, and new minerals crystallize.
What is heat and pressure?
100
The parallel alignment of platy minerals and the presence of alternating light-colored and dark-colored layers. ex: slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
What is foliation?
100
The finest-grained metamorphic rock. It forms by metamorphism of shale or mudstone, under relatively low pressures and temperatures.
What is slate?
200
When pressure is greater in one direction than another
What is differential pressure?
200
Metamorhpism that is caused by mountain building and heat and pressure. This has direct pressure.
What is regional metamorphism?
200
Process when deeply buried rocks end up back at the surface.
What is exhumation?
200
These contain minerals that recrystallize or grew during metamorphism, but have no foliation. ex: hornfels, marble, quartzite
What is non-foliated?
200
A layered metamorphic rock that is typically composed of alternating dark- and light-colored layers that range in thickness from millimeters to meters.
What is gneiss?
300
equal pressure in all directions
What is lithostatic pressure?
300
This metamorphism is cause by heat, due to the intrusion of hot magma into cooler rock.
What is contact metamorphism?
300
Metamorphism only due to the consequences of very deep burial.
What is burial metamorphism?
300
The preexisting rock
What is a protolith?
300
A medium- to coarse-grained metamorphic rock that has foliation of large mica flakes (muscovite and/or biotite)
What is schist?
400
When minerals are subjected to high temperatures, they become unstable, and therefore new minerals recrystallize.
What is heat?
400
Metamorphism that is associated with shearing movements of faults. This causes foliation.
What is dynamic metamorphism?
400
The process of changing a rock's chemical composition by reactions with hydothermal fluids
What is metasomatism?
400
When the grains in the rock have grown in place within the solid rock.
What is metamorphic texture?
400
This nonfoliated rock forms from metamorphism of limestone
What is marble?
500
Heated water that can create high temperatures in rocks
What are hydrothermal fluids?
500
A specific set of metamorphic minerals that all form in a certain range of temperatures and pressures. This is all based on the original protolith.
What is metamorphic grade?
500
When platy grains lie parallel to one another and/or elongate grains align in the same direction.
What is preferred orientation?
500
When grains change their shape and size without changing the identity of the mineral.
What is recrystallization?
500
A nonfoliated rock that contains a variety of metamorphic minerals