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Statistics
Methods and Design
Developing Studies
Variables
Potpourri
100
This statistical test investigates the relationship between two variables.
What is a correlation
100
This type of validity is important so that we can generalize our results.
What is external validity
100
This type of sampling involves identifying one or more individuals in a target population can lead to finding more individuals of the population.
What is snowball sampling
100
This is the manipulated variable in a study.
What is an independent variable
100
We use this in order to reduce reactivity
What is deception
200
If p > .05, this is what you do with the null.
What is retaining the null?
200
External, internal, measurement, and statistical conclusions make up the four types of this
What is validity
200
These are the two characteristics that a hypothesis must have.
What are testability and falsifiability
200
This type of variable can be broken down into infinitely smaller units.
What is a continuous variable
200
This happens when you reject the null hypothesis even though it is true
What is a Type I error
300
It is the minimum effect that happens 5% of the time by chance.
What is the critical value
300
This is the extent to which Items, correlated with each other, fit together on a scale
What is internal consistency
300
This is a precise statement of how a conceptual variable will be converted to a measured variable.
What is an operational definition
300
This is any variable (other than the IV) that MIGHT have cased the effect.
What is a confounding variable
300
This is necessary in order to interpret causation.
What is internal validity
400
This is the statistical test of whether or not the means of several groups are all equal, and therefore generalizes t-tests to more than two groups.
What is ANOVA
400
Random error is a threat to this.
What is reliability
400
The goal of participant sampling is to have this.
What is a representative sample
400
This is a variable stated in an abstract matter that will later be converted to a measured variable.
What is a conceptual variable
400
Circular reasoning is also known as this
What is tautology
500
This is a very extreme score that can cause data to be skewed.
What is an outlier
500
This is the only type of design that allows you to interpret causation
What is experimental design
500
This is the use of several techniques, methods, and measures to study the same research question.
What is converging operations
500
Using only 5th graders in your experiment is an example of this.
What is control constant
500
These are the 3 requirements for determining causation in experimental research.
What are temporal proximity, association, control of common causal variable