Dopplers
Not to be used in the 1st trimester due to high energy output.
What is Pulsed-Wave Doppler?
The most common, lowest-risk type of twin pregnancy.
What is dichorionic-diamniotic (Di-Di) twins?
Characterized by five midline abdominal and thoracic defects: a chest wall gap, diaphragmatic deficiency, pericardial defect, heart abnormalities, and a supraumbilical abdominal defect.
What is Pentalogy of Cantrell?
This must be detected by 7mm CRL to confirm viability.
What is the Fetal Heartbeat (FHR)?
Would rather be riding her bike or walking her dogs than scanning a BMI 50 patient.
Who is Lauren?
A non-invasive ultrasound technique used to measure blood flow resistance, evaluating placental function and fetal well-being.
What is the Umbilical Artery Doppler?
One placenta and a thin dividing membrane is seen when you scan these type of twins.
What is Monochorionic/diamniotic (Mono-Di) twins?
A rare congenital malformation identified by fused lower limbs, severe renal anomalies, and a single umbilical artery.
What is sirenomelia (mermaid syndrome)?
Generally defined as a birth weight of more than 4,000 to 4,500 grams.
What is fetal macrosomia?
Walter is her secret love.
Who is Kristin?
Excellent for precisely measuring fast-moving cardiac structures and used to evaluate fetal arrhythmias.
What is M-Mode?
Representing about 1% of identical twins, develops when an embryo splits late at 8-13 days after fertilization.
What is monoamniotic-monochorionic (Mo-Mo) twins?
Benign vascular tumor of the placenta, the larger they are- the higher the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
What is a chorioangioma?
A significant size/weight difference between twin fetuses, typically defined as a 20% or greater difference in estimated fetal weight.
What is discordant twins?
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Who is Jackie?
Used to detect fetal anemia, particularly from Rh-alloimmunization, and to assess fetal compromise due to hypoxia.
What is the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Doppler?
A triangular-shaped thick membrane (chorion) between the twins indicating a dichorionic pregnancy.
What is the Lambda sign (aka Twin Peak sign)?
A complication of monochorionic twins where one twin develops without a functional heart, relying entirely on the other "pump" twin.
What is Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion (TRAP) sequence?
Estimated fetal weight (EFW) or abdominal circumference is below the 10th percentile for gestational age.
What is fetal growth restriction (FGR)?
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Who is Janet?
Assessment of a small vessel shunting oxygenated blood to the fetal heart, crucial for evaluating fetal cardiac function, placental insufficiency, and FGR, typically showing a forward-flowing, triphasic waveform.
What is the Ductus Venosus Doppler?
Also called TAPS.
What is Twin Anemia-Polycythemia Sequence?
Difficult to diagnosis prenatally but could be suspected if a heart defect, ear defects along with growth restriction and renal anomaly is found.
What is CHARGE syndrome?
Can only be measured between 45-84 mm CRL.
What is the Nuchal Translucency (NT)?
Might be caught chasing two little boys around while cooking some delicious Vietnamese food.
Who is Huyen?