Family Life Cycle
Differentiation of self in relation to Family of Origin, Development of intimate peer relationships, and Establishment of self in work/world are characteristics of what Life Cycle Stage?
Single Young Adults
What type of perspective do Family Therapists use?
Circular Perspective or Systemic Perspective
True or False
Women who are in the workforce experience fewer symptoms of distress and anxiety compared to those who remain within the home
True
Two tasks of Individuation
Development of Identity/self and Capacity for Intimacy
True or False:
Couples who romanticize becoming parents tend to be more successful in their marriage and in parenthood
False
Couples who enter the transition with FEWER exaggerated expectations & less romanticization are more likely to be successful in their marriages & parenthood. Matching expectations & reality
These boundaries permit little contact with the outside system and result in disengagement
Rigid Boundaries
This type of attachment style worries about their partner's commitment to the relationship
Anxious Attachment
____: A major aspect of managing the emotional climate in relationships; signals the need to relationship strategies and rules to be adjusted
Conflict
T/F: Conflict between (bio)-parents can intensify loyalty binds in blended families
True
Increasing flexibility of boundaries to permit child's independence is a characteristic of what Life Cycle stage?
Families with adolescents
The smallest unit of human relations
Triangle
True or False:
Compared to fathers, high-achievements of mothers are predictive of high achievements of both sons and daughters
True
People who are (Well/Less)-Individuated are influenced by others' opinions, behaviors, and emotions
Less
The #1 concern or issue when becoming new parents
Childcare
The organization in which interactions take place
Structure
This parenting style is responsive but not demanding; permissive, avoids confrontation, does not require mature behavior
Indulgent
This communication skill refers to the ability to express your feelings clearly and directly to ask for what you want or need
Assertiveness
T/F: Adjustment to stepfamilies are easier for girls than boys
False
____ is greatest as families rebalance, redefine, and realign their relationships; especially during the addition or loss of members
Stress
A balanced, steady state of equilibrium
Homeostasis
Women perceive parenthood as something they are, whereas Men perceive parenthood as____
Something they do
This Attachment Style is uncomfortable with intimacy, despite wanting to be close to others
Avoidant
Adolescence coincides with what other stage(s) of the Family Life Cycle?
Parents entering Midlife
Grandparents Older Age
What type of boundary can lead to enmeshment?
Diffuse Boundaries
Two important elements correlated to parenting
1. Parental Responsiveness (warmth/support)
2. Parental Demandingness (behavioral control)
Name Gottman & Gottman’s Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Criticism, Defensiveness, Contempt, Stonewalling
According to research, families do best when parents practice this type of parenting style
Authoritative
The Family is ideal for therapeutic intervention because...
It is the product of both individual and social forces
People in relationships don't control each other, they influence each other
Reciprocity or Complementarity
Name a barrier that women face in regards to parenthood due to gender roles/socialization
Lack of support in the workforce
Responsibility as the caregiver/burden of care for child and home
Financial inequities; working vs. parenthood
Two ways that the Family of Origin influences partner selection
Comparison Level (shapes expectations, values, etc.) and Developmental History (including attachment and individuation)
This type of sibling is at risk of "becoming lost" in the family
Middle Child
These boundaries offer support but at the expense of independence
Three factors that contribute to healthy intimacy in couples:
Closeness and caregiving
open communication
lack of intrusiveness
This communication skill refers to the ability to let your partner know you understanding them by stating their message and feelings
Active Listening
Early _____ by stepparents has been found to be detrimental to relationships, and should occur only after a caring, trusting relationship has been built.
Discipline
How many stages are defined in the Family Life Cycle?
Six
What are 3 of the 4 theories that make up the historical context of Family Therapy?
Cybernetics, Systems Theory, Social Constructionism, Attachment Theory
Name a barrier that men face in regards to parenthood due to gender roles/socialization
Lack of preparedness/involvement
Lack of policy in the work place
Two dimensions that help determine a person's Attachment Style are
Comfort of Intimacy (or degree of avoidance)
Level of preoccupation (anxiety) with the relationships
High/Low avoidance & Anxiety +
What is one therapeutic intervention that can be used when working with Families and Adolescents
Helping parents maintain emotional bond while allowing for independence
encouraging parents to respond rather than react
Exploring FOO: paying attention to triangles & patterns
Building Community/Support Network
High levels of this parenting strategy is associated with negative outcomes for children, including sense of self & identity
Psychological Control
attempts to control the child by intruding into the psychological and emotional development by means of guilt, withdrawal of love, or shaming
Three factors that influence a person's parenting style
1. Parent's Contribution (FOO, level of differentiation, own MH)
2. Child's Contribution (temperament, age, gender, developmental status)
3. Contextual Sources (stress & support; resources)
T/F: The emotional tone of a relationship can act as a filter for a person’s perception of their partner’s behaviors
True
T/F: Research shows that adult children with never-divorced high-conflict parents fare significantly better than children with low-conflict divorced parents
False