Learning
Define acquisition
What is the first stage of learning when a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus continuously, and the response is established and strengthened?
Name three of the main types of neurotransmitters.
What is acetylcholine, dopamine, glutamate, serotonin, and norepinephrine?
Name two things Elizabeth Loftus is known for.
What is her research on human memory, eyewitness memory, misinformation effect, and explanations for forgetting?
Name the three bones that are ossicles.
What are the malleus, incus, and stapes?
What is a conflict between the environment one was raised in and the traits they were born with?
What is nature versus nurture?
Name both researchers that worked on the Little Albert study.
Who are John Watson and Rosalie Rayner?
Where is Broca's area located?
What is the frontal lobe?
What is a morpheme?
What is the smallest unit within a language within a word that can carry meaning?
Name three of the Gestalt laws of perceptual grouping.
What are the law of similarity, law of Pragnanz, law of proximity, law of continuity, law of closure, and the law of common region?
Which type of defense mechanism happens when a person satisfies an impulse with a replacement object?
What is displacement?
What is the difference between habituation and sensitization?
What is habituation is a decrease in a natural response to a stimulus that is repeated frequently, and sensitization is an increased reaction after an individual is repeatedly exposed to a stimulus?
Where does the axon join the cell body at?
What is the axon hillock?
Define the anchoring effect.
What is when a person attaches themselves to an opening piece of information, and when they go to make decisions, they place too much emphasis on this piece of information and don’t consider other important pieces of information?
What is the inner ear composed of?
What are the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals?
Name all of the “Big 5” personality traits.
What are agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness?
Which schedule of reinforcement is happening when there is an unpredictable number of responses that is required before an individual can be reinforced again?
What is a variable schedule of reinforcement?
Name all the parts of a neuron.
What is the cell body, axon, dendrites, and synapses?
Which person (patient) helped researchers realize that learning and memory are connected to specific brain regions?
Who is Henry Molaison?
Define the signal detection theory.
What is people’s performance in tasks is considerably limited by flexibility in the internal representation or stimuli because of external or internal noise?
Who developed the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire?
Who is Raymond Cattell?
Define the Law of Effect.
What is when behaviors give a positive consequence, it is more likely to reoccur any time that there is an opportunity for that behavior to occur again. It also states that any behavior that gives a negative consequence makes it less likely to reoccur any time that there is an opportunity for that behavior to occur again?
Name two parasympathetic responses.
What is decreased heart rate, decreased blood sugar, and a decrease of supply of blood to various muscles?
Name four types of bias that are potential sources of error in judgement.
What are the overconfidence bias, hindsight bias, anchoring bias, framing bias, escalation of commitment, immediate gratification, selective perception, confirmation bias, availability bias, representation bias, randomness bias, and self-serving bias?
Define the difference between change blindness and inattentional blindness.
What is change blindness is when a person does not notice a very obvious change and inattentional blindness is when a person does not notice when an unexpected object is in their presence?
What are the four categories that a person can be assigned to in the MBTI?
What is introversion/extraversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving?